m^i 


A  uiiuE  TU  CONVERSATION 

s  •    - 

I  ;•■    T  a  i; 

ENGLISH  AND  CHINESE  LANGUAGES 

liE  or 
AMERICANS  AND  CHINESE  IN  CALIFORNIA  AND  ELSEWHERE. 

STANISLAS   IIERNISZ,    M.  D.,  ^ 

ATTA  "ii£  TO  TBB  U.  9.  LBOATION  IN   FABU  ;    LATE  ATTACRS  VO  THB  0.  I.   LEQATIOa  III  CHOA  }  MEiaUIIl  Of  IHB  A:I£K!CJV 

OBIENTAL  «'  •■    "      • —    "■'     ■—■ . 


}i  <  I    ■   J,    1  J   .X   ; 

I'l  HI.ISIIKD    BY    JOHN     !•;    JFAVETT    ANiJ 
LI  JfDON  :  TR0BSBR  '*  CO. 


A  GUIDE  TO  CONVERSATION 


IN  THE 


ENGLISH  AND  CHINESE  LANGUAGES 

FOR  THE  USE  OP 

AHERICANS  AND  CHINESE  IN  CALIFORNIA  AND  ELSEWHERE 
By  STANISLAS  HERNISZ,   M.   D. 

ATTACni    TO    THE    V.    S.    LECATION    IN    PARIS;    LATE    ATTACH^   TO   THE    U.    S.    LEGATJOM    IM    CHINA;  MEMBER    OV    VU   AMOl. 

ORIENTAL    SOCIETY,    tt.,    tc,    Ac. 

— ft-p^oq-J.»  ■ 

rr  1 

-^^iilSiSli^'^OSTOir,  PUBLISHED  BY  JOHN  P.  JEWETT  &  C". 

CLEVEX.AND    (Ohio),    JEWETT,    PROCTOB   AND   WOUXniNGTON. 
X.ONDON,    TUUBNER    t    C. 

ISS4. 


711 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1854,  by 

JOHN  P.  JEWETT  &  CO. 

in  the  Clerk's  Office  of  tlie  District  Court  of  the  District  of  Massachusetts. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Heretofore  the  Chinese  language  was  studied  only  for  Missionary  purposes,  or,  as  an  object  of  mere  curiosity,  by  a  few 
philologists ,  whilst  among  tiic  Chinese  themselves,  the  study  of  the  English  or  any  other  European  language ,  did  not  possess 
even  the  interest  of  curiosity.  The  progress  of  events  in  the  Celestial  Empire,  and  in  our  own  territories  on  tlie  Tacific,  has 
changed  the  relative  importance  of  the  two  languages.  The  conclusion  of  treaties  with  western  nations,  the  opening  of  the 
Five  ports,  and  the  discovery  of  gold  In  California,  have  caused  a  vast  increase  in  the  trade,  more  extensive  Intercoui-se , 
and  closer  relations  with  tlic  ' '  Central  flowery  people. "  A  knowledge  of  the  Chinese  language  is  no  longer  an  object  of  mere  curio- 
sity to  those  whom  business  transactions  bring  Into  contact  with  the  Chinese,  whilst  an  acquaintance  with  the  English  language  has 
become  Indispensable  to  a  large  number  of  the  latter  who  have  emigrated,  or  Intend  to  emigrate,  to  California. 

To  supply,  on  the  one  hand,  to  Americans  some  knowledge  of  the  Chinese  idiom,  and  on  the  other,  to  the  Chinese,  some  elemen- 
tary instruction  In  the  English  language.  Is  the  object  of  this  volume. 

TUE      ALPHABET. 

In  order  to  enable  the  Chinese  to  learn  to  read  English  an  attempt  has  here  been  made  to  make  them  acquainted,  through  the 
medium  of  their  own  language,  with  our  alphabetic  letters ;  with  this  view  an  alphabet  and  spelling-book  have  been  placed  at  the 
head  of  the  work.  The  attempt,  as  far  as  the  writer  is  aware,  Is  a  novel  one,  and  from  the  peculiar  nature  of  the  Chinese  cha- 
racters, necessarily  Imperfect  (I) ;  yet,  Imperfect  as  It  Is,  it  wiU,  it  is  hoped,  afford  an  important  aid  to  the  Chinese  student. 

(1)  Since  the  above  was  written  I  was  shown  by  Monsieur  Marcellin  Legrand,  a  copy  of  R.  Thorn's  "  Chinese  and  English  vocabulary  "  prin'.cd  al 
Canlon,  and  in  w  hich  a  simiiar  attempt  is  made,  thoush  not  fullv  carried  out,  to  represent  alphabetic  sounds  with  Chinese  characters. 
b 


THE     RADICALS. 


The  clcmcnls  of  Chinese  words  consist  of  two  kinds  of  charactei-s,  called  radicals  anA  primitives  or  phonetics. 

The  characters  called  radicals  represent  each  a  group  or  class  of  ideas ;  thus  for  instance,  tlie  words  sea,  wave,  river,  lake,  etc. ,  etc. , 
contain  as  one  of  their  component  elements  the  radical  water.  Tiie  words  love,  anger,  hatred,  ihoiight,  etc. ,  contain  as  an  cle- 
ment the  radical  heai-t.  These  i-adicals,  arc  two  hundred  and  fourteen  in  nundjcr,  or  in  other  words,  the  Chinese  have  classified 
all  that  tliey  can  say  or  think,  under  214  groups  or  classes  of  ideas,  such  as,  mater,  fire,  plant,  heart,  sun,  moon,  etc. ,  etc. 

The  second  element  in  Chinese  words  is  the  character  caWcA  primitive  or  phonetic;  this  character  specifies  and  fixes  the  particu- 
lar meaning  of  the  word,  the  general  sense  of  which  is  indicated  by  its  radical.  For  instance  tiie  radical  water  combined  with  one  pri- 
mitive means  sea,  combined  with  another  it  means  river,  with  a  tiiird,  it  means  lake,  etc. ,  etc.  Thus  then  a  Chinese  word  generally 
contains  a  radical  designating  either  naturally,  figuratively  or  metaphorically,  its  general  sense,  and  a  primitive  specifying  its  more 
definite  meaning,  and  also  detennining  its  pronunciation ;  hence  its  name  phonetic,  or  sound-character. 

A  list  of  all  the  radicals  precedes  the  grammatical  part  of  the  work.  Those  who  may  desire  to  pursue  the  study  of  the  Chinese 
language  beyond  tiie  mere  acquisition  of  a  few  words  or  sentences,  are  advised  to  commence  by  learning  thoroughly  all  the  radicals 
by  heart.  They  will  find  a  knowledge  of  them  of  great  assistance,  and  in  fact,  indispensable  to  a  thorough  understanding  of  the 
Chinese  characters.  By  mastering  the  radicals  the  student  will  not  only  have  obtained  a  knowledge  of  so  many  words,  but  also  acquire 
a  key  to  all  the  other  words  in  the  language,  he  will  moreover  be  enabled  to  use  with  facility  the  Dictionaries,  Chinese  as  well  as 
foreign,  in  which  the  characters  are  classified  undertheir  respective  radicals. 

Rlany  provincial  Dialects  and  local  patois  arc  spoken  in  China,  but  the  written  language  is  the  same  throughout  the  whole  Empire. 
It  is  spoken  in  its  greatest  purity  at  court,  and  by  the  officers  of  the  government ;  hence  its  name ' '  K  wan  II  wa  "  or  Mandarin  Dialect. 

This  work  being  intended  for  natives  of  all  parts  of  the  Empire,  is  written  in  the  ' '  Kwan  II wa.  " 
.  b 


in 

THE     OnTIIOGRAPUV. 

The  orlhograpliy  adopted  in  this  work  in  writing  tlie  pronunciation  of  Chinese  words,  is  that  employed  in  the  Dictiona- 
ries of  Morrisson  and  Mcdiiurst,  and  siniplKicd  in  thtinorc  recent  pul)lications  of  American  sinologues.  The  pronunciation 
should  liowever  be  considered  as  rather  an  approximation  to,  than  a  perfect  rendering  of  the  sound  of  Chinese  words,  which  with 
English  Icttere,  is  utterly  impossible.  There  arc  in  the  Chinese  language  shades  of  intonation  and  inflections  of  voice,  which  defy  the 
powers  of  oin-  al|)habetic  lcttei-s  to  rendei-  iliem.  They  can  be  acquired  only  by  hearing  them  frequently  uttered  from  the  lips  of  natiyes. 

The  general  plan  adopted  in  this  system  of  orlhograpliy  is  to  mark  the  long  vowels  with  an  acute  accent  (')  and  leave  the  short 
vowels  sounds  unmarked. 

From  the  discre])ancics  of  difTcrent  natives  in  pronouncing  the  same  character  it  is  often  difficult  to  render  their  most  usual 
sound ;  one  character  is  often  sounded  dilTerently  by  dilTerenl  natives  of  the  same  region  of  country,  still  more,  the  same  person 
will  at  dilTercnt  limes  pronounce  it  dilTerently.  The  learner  in  using  this  volume  must  therefore  not  be  disappointed  if  he  hears  a  word 
pronounced  by  a  native  not  exactly  as  it  is  written  down.  By  mixing  among  the  people  he  will  gradually  become  familiarised  with  the 
variations  in  the  sounds.  The  philological  student  will  not  be  surprised  at  this,  being  well  aware  of  the  fact,  that  the  correct  pronun- 
ciation of  even  any  European  language  can  scarcely  ever  be  written  down,  or  acquired  from  books,  but  must  be  the  result  of  as- 
siduous intercourse  with  the  people  who  speak  it  (1). 

The  pronunciation  of  Chinese  words  given  in  this  volume  will  however  be  useful  to  the  student  in  aiding  him  to  remember  the 
general  sound. 

(I)  It  is  impossible  to  write  correctly  in  English  the  pronunciation  of  such  words  as,  for  instance,  joujou,  feuUlage,  gingembre,  bonbon,  murmur;, 
printemps,  etc., etc.  in  French ;  or  jamas,  hallar,  cabaHero,  etc.,  in  Spanish ;  or  perdai,  oi:eja,estalagem,etc.,ele.,  In  Portuguese  j  ovCothe,  fruhling, 
gebaitde,  nachricht,  etc.,  etc.,  in  German. 

b 


The  following  alphabetical  table  containing  all  the  vowels,  diphthongs  and  consonants  found  in  the  "  Kwaii  Ilwa"  or  Mandarin 
Dialed,  was  prepared  by  S.  W.  AVilliains  in  his  excellent  vocabulary  (1). 


1  a 

2  a 

3  e 

li  c 

6  1 

7  i 
9  6 

M  u 

12  H 


Ai.rn.\nETic    taiile    of    the    vowels  ,    dipiithoxgs  ,    axd    coxsox.vxt? 

FOUND     Ii\     THE      "  KWAX     IIAVA  "     OU     JIAXDARIX     DIALECT. 


as  in  American,  variable,  quotu. 
as  in  father ,  far. 
as  in  red,  bed. 
as  in  thc!/,  say,  tres  (Fr.) 
as  in  finish ,  bring ,  king. 
as  in  feel ,  believe, 
as  in  lord,  low. 
as  in  bull, 
as  ill  school ,  too  ,  ri/lc. 


5^  kang. 
±y  kwd. 
W  te. 
aiiii  die. 

.©  i. 


po. 
I  ■  /cung. 
-f-.  chi'i. 


tut 
0X  '""'• 


^^  kau. 


X=i 


13    M        as  in  niarmwre ,  lane  (Fr. ) 

15  di       as  in  ayv,  or  in  Hainc  (Germ.) 

16  du      as  in  noir,  round  ,  ploi/gh. 

17  aa      as  in  hoii'l ,  or  as  if  in  co-oir,  the  ow 

was  lengtliened. 

18  ei        somewhat  as  in  weigh,  bey. 

21  id       as  in  yard ,  piastre. 

22  idi      is  a  triphthong.  Nos.  6  and  15  sounded 

together. 

23  i(/a      is  Nos.  6  and  17  sounded  together.       "^"  k' 


tm 

^  fa 


Hi. 

^^  kwei. 
ftp  kid. 
kidi. 


(I)  An  En_i!li.-li  niid  Oiinrsp  V(,c.il)iil:iiv  (if  tlioCdiiit  I):a!i'i-I,  Ijv  S.  W.  Williams,  M..cao 

b 


24  ie 

25  iii 
'21  id 

29  ill 

30  ill 

31  iuc 

35  ue 

36  Ml 

37  iii 

38  «' 

39  tiz' 

liO  sh' 
b 


as  in  sierra  (Sp.),  bien  (Fr.) 

somewhat  as  in  create ,  yea. 

as  in  brioche,  pi'oche  (Fr.) 

as  in  articKlate. 

as  in  pure  ,  pew. 

is  6  ,  1 1  and  3  rapidly  combined. 

somewhat  as  in  the  words  chew  it , 
omitting  the  last  letter. 

short  as  in  Louisiana. 

as  niin,  wing,  Nos.  12  and  6  united. 

niPERFECT      VOWTLS. 

the  consonants  to  be  sounded  full  as  if 
a  vowell  were  suffixed,  but  the  voice 
was  suddenldy  stopped  before  it  was 
pronounced. 


pQ  kien. 

43 

'rh 

as  in  puiv,  omitting  the  p. 

\fn   'rh 

'Jri:  slue. 

48 

ch 

as  in  citmcli. 

5tl  chdng. 

m  kioh. 

49 

chiv 

as  in  churcAiiardcn. 

TjX  cliwang. 

t^  kiun. 

50 

f 

as  in  /ew ,  f\fc. 

Jj  f»n9- 

M  P>''- 

53 

h 

as  in  ha\c. 

f  ^  hidt. 

yv  kiuen. 

54 

hiv 

as  in  when. 

l)l    hndng. 

fl   ytieh. 

55 

J 

soft  as  injoujou 

pleasure. 

Aji». 

1;^'  stii. 

57 

k 

as  in  A'ite ,  A;in. 

^hJ  /■■•««• 

58 

kw 

as  in  awfe'ard. 

^X  k«)dng. 

59 

I 

as  in  fome. 

■^  ling. 

60 

Iw 

as  in  alwavs. 

^  Uvdn. 

H«'. 

61 

m 

as  in  7;iaim. 

M  '««• 

^  tsz'. 

62 

VI  w 

as  in  CromtTiell. 

}'P2  mwdn. 

^sk'. 

63 

n 

as  in  nun. 

2 

VI 


Ci  ng  as  in  singing,  leaving  off  the  two  first 
letters. 

G5  7tw  as  in  omrard. 

66  p  as  ill  pippin. 

67  pw  as  in  upivarCt. 

68  i  as  in  sea ,  \es. 

69  sli  as  in  c/iaise ,  ship. 


||i.j  }igaii. 

H  peh. 

-^p  pivan, 

1$  5/l»!. 


70  i/ni;  as  in  \viu7(/»()nian. 

71  t  as  in  n»lo. 

72  ni»  .IS  in  milch. 

73  (s  as  in  wif^ ,  ra(ibone. 

74  tsiv  as  ill  baa-!i^ing. 

75  tv  as  in  icaat. 

76  y  as  in  yet,  young. 


t 

sitwdng 

^T 

ui. 

j.m 

'M 

tivan. 

w 

tsicing. 

m 

tsivdn. 

IS 

wd. 

ffl 

yung. 

OF     THE     T0\ES. 


To  avoid  the  confusion  which  would  arise  from  so  many  homophonous  monosyllables  as  are  found  in  their  language,  the  Chinese 
make  use  of  certain  tones ,  or  innections  of  the  voice  ,  by  means  of  which  they  give  more  precision  to  the  words  they  utter.  An 
approximative  idea  may  be  formed  of  the  nature  of  the  tones  from  the  accents  that  are  used  in  such  English  words  as  progress 
and  to  progress,  rebel  and  to  rebel,  perfume  and  to  perfume ,  etc. ,  etc. 

There  aie  four  principal  tones  called  the  even  (ping  shing)  the  rising  (shang  shing),  the  departing  (kii  shing)  and  the  entering 
(ji  shing).  These  four  tones  are  divided  into  an  upper  and  a  lower  series.  It  is  extremely  difficult,  if  not  utterly  impossible  to  convey  by 
b  ■  '  ' 


VII 

description  any  distinct  idea  of  sound.  As  aknowledge  of  the  tones  is  not  necessary  m  order  to  be  intelligible ,  but  is  indispensable 
to  a  correct  and  elegant  elocution ,  and  as  it  can  be  better  acquired  by  attending  to  the  conversation  of  Chinese,  than  from  any 
description,  it  is  considered  unnecessary,  in  a  work  like  this,  to  enter  into  any  fartlier  dcrelopement  of  the  tones,  beyond 
pointing  them  out  to  the  attention  of  the  student. 

The  Cliinese  write  in  vertical  lines  from  the  top  to  the  lK)ttoin  of  the  page ,  and  from  right  to  lefL  Sometimes  the  characters  are 
also  arranged  in  horizontal  lines.  In  this  work,  it  was  found  more  convenient ,  on  account  of  the  English  text ,  to  place  tlie  cha- 
racters in  horizontal  lines  and  so  as  to  make  them  read  from  left  to  right. 

Not  having  been  able  to  command  the  assistance  of  a  native  Sicn  Sang,  (an  advantage  possessed  by  sinologues  residing  in 
China) ,  we  had  to  dejiend  upon  such  assistance  as  could  be  afforded  by  the  best  works  in  onr  possession.  The  following  were  the 
books  cliiofly  consulted  and  drawn  from:  Mediiursts,  "  Chinese  and  English  dictionary  ";  Goncalvez,  "  Dictionnario  China-Portu- 
guez,  "  "  Diccionnario  Portugcz  China,"  and  "  Arte  China  "  "  Kang  Hi  Tsz  Tien.  "  Bridgraan's  "  Chinese Chrcstomathy  "  AVilliain's 
"  English  and  Chinese  Vocabulary  ". 

Before  concluding  this  Introduction  we  feel  it  to  be  our  duty,  as  it  is  our  pleasure ,  to  express  our  sense  of  obligation  and  our 
"  warmest  thanks"  to  Monsieur  Maicellin  Legrand,  engraver  of  the  Iinprtmcn'c  impcriale,  the  eminent  typographic  artist 
without  whose  patient  industry  and  skill,  and  disinterested  devotion  to  oriental  literature,  this  work  could  not  have  been 
published.  Mons.  Legrand  was  the  first  man  in  Europe  to  undertake,  regardless  of  expense,  and  without  the  hojte  of  any  adequate 
remuneration  ,  the  manufacture  of  a  set  of  Cliinese  tyi)e,  which,  served  not  only  for  publishing  Chinese  classical  and  other  books 
in  Europe,  but  were  ex|X)rted,  for  the  use  of  Missionaries  to  China. 

The  characters  employed  in  this  volume  form  a  part  of  ihe  collection  of  Chinese  characters  engraved  on  steel ,  and  cast  into 
b 


vni 

moveable  type  by  Monsieur  Legrand.  These  characters ,  the  result  of  nearly  twenty  years'  labor ,  are  remarkable  for  great  accu- 
racy, and  neatness  of  execution.  It  is  perhaps  not  the  least  interesting  fact  of  our  times  that  Ciiincse  books  should  be  printed  ia 
China  willi  types  manufactured  "  beyond  the  Ocean,"  by  an  "  outside  barbarian.  " 

Paris.  18">  May  1854. 

S.  II. 


35 


^  ffj  ff  «?  ii 


5.1 


>V/V 


VPAIV   TAD. 


STfDYrvO   THE   ENGLISH   LA\GVAOE. 


f=  ^  "a  "I  IS 


Hioii  E\G-Li-sui  nwA. 


You  wish  to  study  the  English 

language. 

Yes,  hiU  the  English  is  a  difficult 
b 


ii^m^  m  "/f  & 


*  S  ^  f^  ffl  5E  f.' 


Ni  yau  hioh  Eng-li-shi  hwa 


ino. 


Hi(')h  shi  y;iu  hioh  tanlng-li- 


language. 
Not  at  all,  a  man  of  ability  may 

by  diligent  study  of  five  or 

six  months  learn  a  good  deal 

of  it. 
What  are  you  talking  about? 
Truly  it  is  so.  The  letters  of  the 

English    Alphabet    can     be 

learned  in  three  or  four  days. 
This  being  the  case  then  it  is 

much  easier  to  learn  to  read 


English  than  Chinese. 


"gig 


7 


1*  m  m  a  ^^  m 
^  ^  11  ^  fi 

^~BXX 


"fig 

mm 


ijiy  ;i»  -p* 

%  lib  WL 

^7  »2i> 


«f 


ti3 


shi  hwcT  nan  hioh. 

Mu  yi'i,  yi  ko  yu  pan  sz' 

ti  jin  yung  sin  wu  lu  ko 

yue  ti  kung  fi'i  nang  ko  hioh 

to  hau  liau. 

Ni  shwoh  na  li  ti  hwa. 

Rw6  jen  shi  die  yang.  Eng- 

lishi  hwa  tsz'  san  sz'  tien  kung 

fi'i  tsii'i  jinyuen  liau. 

Ri  jen  jii  tsz'  tsiu  shi  Eng 

li  sh  shi'i  pi  chung  kwoh  shi'i 


linuyung  i  men. 


Certainly  it  is.  But  every  Chinese 
who  desires  to  learn  to  read 
Enghsh  must  first  acquire  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  the 
Alphalietic  letters  and  their 
sounds. 

Please  to  tell  me  how  many  let- 
ters there  are  in  the  English 
Alphahet. 

There  are  only  twenty  six  letters. 


Tell  me  what  they  are. 


They  are  as  follows. 
b 


a  m  m  fi  #  f  H 

Tsz' jen,tau  ti  mei  chung  Kwoh 

A  m  f=  "^  m  "s  as 

jinyoh  hioh  Eng-li-shi  hwa 

&Mm&^itt  m 

pie  sii  yung  sin  hioh  Eng  hwa 

•^zvmm^B 

tsz'  chi  shing  'rh  hauyung  i 

m  #  m  m  m  & 

nang  le  lu  shii  tsai  hiiu. 

m  FbI  "X'  "11  "s  IS  ^j 

Tsing  wan  Eng-li-shi  hwa  yii  ki 

m^^ 

to  tsz'. 

Pu  kw<')  yi'i  'rh  shi  lu  ko 

tsz  . 

Na  'rh  shi  In  ko  tsz'  shi 

ft  m  m  ii  ffe  ^p  m 

shi  mo  yang  shwoh  wo  chi  tan. 

en  St 

Tsi  shi. 

B 


m  m  Bf  IS  -  + 


^^     qi^ 


Aa 

PS 

I  i 

B 

Qq 

m 

Yy 

■     Z. 

B  b 

ng 

Jj 

H 

R  r 

^ 

Z  z 

0 

Pg 

K  k 

^ 

S  s 

s 

C  c 

D  d 

pf 

L  1 

B* 

T  t 

m 

Ch 

m  # 

E  e 

:i^ 

M  m 

-fi 

U  u 

JL 

Ph 

«# 

F  f 

# 

N  11 

ja 

V  V 

^i. 

Sh 

«# 

^-g 

S 

O  o 

PSf 

W  w 

% 

Ge 

1 0 

11  h 

jf 

P  p 

s. 

X  X 

^-^ 

Gi 

#H 

Ab 

rg  nfl 

Bu 

"STL 

Da 

Pfin^ 

Lu 

b*;l 

Ac 

ns#: 

By 

P06 

De 

"ff:^ 

^ 

mz. 

Ad 

n^nji 

Og 

M^ 

Di 

"f  EL 

Go 

SFf 

Af 

W5# 

Ig 

BS* 

Do 

^§m 

Gil 

SVL 

Ag 

nSS 

Ca 

^ns 

Dii 

n|f;L 

Ma 

•a"S 

Ak 

n5#: 

Ce 

na:^ 

Dy 

Pi  6 

Me 

•  ^^ 

Ka 

2p:PS 

Ci 

PgB 

Fo 

#P^' 

Mi 

-HE 

Ga 

a^s 

Co 

:^m 

Fu 

^Nl 

Mo 

-HP? 

Ba 

HQP5 

Cu 

?:7L 

La 

Hi  "5 

Mu 

•ti;L 

Be 

Pfi:^ 

cy 

ps^ 

Le 

B*:^ 

Am 

"S-a 

Bi 

"0E 

Ik 

R:^ 

Li 

)J*E 

Em 

:?j-a 

Bo 
b 

ngppf 

Ok 

|i"J¥ 

Lo 

at/PHf 

s 

Gold. 


Gold- 


dust. 


n 


& 


Fj 

fe 


^l¥ 


Gold- 


leaf. 


Copper. 


"fl 
to 

pi? 


&i» 


SM 


Iron- 


ore. 


l^cbbles. 


B 

n 

E 
psf 


liSi 


1^ 


*5 


Tin 


Lead 


Silver. 


m 

B 

IS 

M 

» 

^ 

i& 

Bf 

^ 

B 

IK 

:5K 

■  ^ 

Iron. 


Brass. 


Steel. 


B 


IB 


ii 


Quartz. 


Mica. 


Mine. 


^ 


Diamond. 


Flint. 


E 
-a 

E 


^ 


«• 


it5 


Lime. 


Marble. 


Salt. 


e  j^ 


+4-    -7-' 

-1^  t: 


Saline 


springs. 


E 
JE 


E 


Water. 


Coal. 


Meat. 
b 


m 


7]C 


^m 


Fruit. 


Beef. 


Mutton. 


^P^ 


Veal. 


Pork. 


Butter, 


psf 


'>  ^p^ 


IS  1^ 


'^^ 


10 


Tea. 


Water- 


melon. 


% 

"S 

m 

^ 

fiH 

:5fe 

^ 

n 

Jt 

Fork. 


Beans. 


Bread. 


# 

|!ij 
^ 


X 


a 


B 


a-s 


Sugar- 


cane. 


Milk. 


11 

-a 
E 


tf  S 


#L 


IS. 


Maize. 


Sugar. 


Wine. 


E 
H 

ft 


E 


s* 


m 


Cup. 


Salad. 


Spoon. 


+- 


Coat. 


Knife. 


Pepper. 


±^^ 


71 


12 


Wheat. 


Carriage. 


Boots. 


Barley. 


Cheese. 


Shirt. 


ffl 


±» 


Bed. 


^fim 


Purse. 


B 


JTf^ 


Razor, 


"0 


« 


EH 


:i9^ 


PJttTJ 


13 


Lantern. 


Thread. 


iSSS 


>H 


Lamp. 


Needle. 


Silk. 


n 


m 


IB* 
B 


It 


Spectacles 


Pen. 


*s 


"5 
13 


nr<  II 


^-A- 


tm 


li 


Cotton. 


Wool. 


Sword. 


+4- 

-It 


¥€ 


±7] 


Eggs- 


Scissors. 


Hat. 


Father. 


Mother. 


m 


* 
^ 


■*fl 


15 


Paper. 


Brother. 


n 


Ift 


BIBI 


Bag. 


Eiinemy. 


Fox. 


s 
-a 


\kn 


± 


Mffl 


Husband. 


Daughter. 


n 
0 
"a 


n 


t=Jr 


16 


Friend. 


Wife. 


Wax. 


m^ 


± 


Ink. 


Pin. 


Axe. 


Plough. 


m  m  it 


Child. 


Book. 


Hammer. 


E 


A 


5 

It 


tsl 


liO 


17 


^* 


Rope. 


Son. 


Shoes. 


Comb. 


^^ 


Watch. 


Cap. 


Dog. 


Hen. 


JE 


nf :!  11 


'>ti 


^ 


^&  -PJ- 


Ape. 


Cat. 


Boy, 


Man. 


"5 


"a 
pi? 

•a 


-r 


A 


<»  TUB 

^WIVEHSITT 


18 


+A 


Lund. 


Bush. 


Lent, 


m 


'i'  Is 


m 


Hurt. 


Rest. 


Lady. 


JL 


11 


2. 


^ 


:S-A 


Sled. 


Bond. 


Help. 


«■ 


SPJ 


5K 

I? 


a* 


19 


*K 


Told. 


Lost. 


Farm. 


m 
6 


i^^P 


^T 


EB 


Cart. 


Cord. 


Bark. 


<I>  M 


|3Hf 


Mife 


Step. 


Frog. 


Bend. 


ti 


:5K 


Pg 


mm 


m& 


20 


Rude. 


Bat. 


Pig- 


Tub. 


fi 


$L 


^1 


Pick. 


Lock. 


Neck. 


Fat. 


E 


n 


5K 


K 


Nag. 


Ton. 


Key. 


Ham . 


21 


Gift. 


Box. 


Envy. 


E 


ii 


"a 


,6 


0gE 


Dally. 


Lion. 


Cow. 


E 


Bag. 


n^  ^  nS 


^# 


Table. 


Vary. 


ffl^ 


r^u 


22 


=+= 


Pilfer. 


Lifter. 


E 

11^ 


'>  i 


:5s 


Duty. 


Local. 


Mat. 


ii:^ 


Tutor. 


New  York. 


*^ 


^emiE 


23 


=+s 


Ruby. 


Staple. 


Sat. 


lEi 


"5 


ai'ij 


Rotten. 


Hazy. 


Bet. 


JE 
It 

0 

"a 

55c 


« 


*lil 


Nit. 


Sago. 


Lesson. 


E 


I* 


if* 


M 


ta 


24 


=s+ 


Anthem. 


Murder. 


JE 


5fe 


"i 


25S 


Broker. 


Draper. 


"6 


.1 1, 


7E 


Recant. 


Advent. 


^P 


25 


=is 


Tender. 


Invest. 


6 


Bi 


Rector. 


Fencer. 


6i|i 


1)1^ 


Kinder. 


Winder, 


?a  Tfp  fi^ 


TC 


26 


-+* 


Bony. 


Not. 


Reason. 


pg 

/g 

PSf 

>S*  ^ 

PS 

m 

RJ    ^ 

Garret.          <  ^ 

Z. 

p 

M 

U^ 

n 

^^  :! 

/£ 

m 

Riot.              < 

% 

PSf 

* 

u^ 

fe 

^ 

Rat.         j  ng 

m 

M 

^  II 


Net. 


Lazy. 


Marrow. 


5!< 


0 

-0. 


If 


#♦ 


27 


Remark. 


Repast. 


St 


p-^ 


^5c 


"S 

fi 


K 


Lavish. 


Vanish. 


B 


^|. 


?6ffl 


E 


^  M  W 


Animal. 


E 
•a 
PS 
J* 

^|, 
E 


Ravish. 


II 


«+-fe 


?^J= 


28 


=+A 


Cider. 


Benicia. 


E 


ft 
"0 

Jt 
E 

Bg 

E 


¥KJ 


America. 


Antic. 


-a 
E 


PS 
PS 


+4-    -f/t 


E 


Elder. 


Mineral. 


55c 


ft 

E 
JE 

PS 


¥ 


29 


Army. 


Absolute. 


"5 
•a 

n 


5fe 


^ 


Si 


Customer. 


Fury. 


6 


n 
•a 


Kg 


A 


Savr. 


California. 


liBf 

B 


B 
ins 


=+;t 


^0) 


30 


Dial. 


E 


Washington  ■ 


% 

Fa 


E5t 


San- 


1V^  8 


Francisco. 


^  llj  IE 


iCi 


United- 


States. 


E 


* 

m 
fe 


^a 


31 


a 


Sacramento/ 


-a 


\|5i) 


Philadelphia< 


B 
Hi 

E 


Boston. 


32 


s+= 


li  e  ^ 


m 

I 

One. 

2 

(^^ 

Two. 

I;l 

3 
Three. 

(m 

4 

Four. 


5 
Five. 


H 


E 


6 
Six. 


7 
Seven . 


v^^ 


± 


-b 


33 


8 
Eight. 


9 
Nine, 


lO 

Ten. 


A 


^ 


+ 


II 

Eleven. 


13 

Twelve. 


to 


+  - 


JL 

to 


+  - 


Thirteen. 


i4 
Fourteen. 


^ 
9L 


+  = 


It 


+  0 


5K 

M 


34 


B+a 


i5 
Fifteen. 


E 


+  ,ii 


16 

Sixteen. 


± 


+ 


X^ 


/-fe 

Seventeen.    \  JB 


* 
M 


+  -tr 


»■ 


H+E 


l8 
Eighteen. 


»9 
Nineteen. 


1^ 

^5c 


+  A 


5K 


+  A 


20 
Twenty. 


;6 


Itj 


-  + 


21 


Twenty  one. 


-  +  " 


36 


stA 


22 


Twenty  two. 


Z^ 


;l 


23 

Twenty 
three. 


* 
M 


^ 


7! 


=4 

Twenty  four. 


+   0 


37 


Ht-fe 


25 

Twenty  five. 


+  E 


26 

Twenty  six. 


:=i  +  p^ 


27 

Twenty 
seven. 


% 


+  -t 


3S 


!£+A 


28 

Twenty 
eight. 


;::  +  A 


=9 

Twenty  nine. 


M 

M 
B 

:5^ 


=  +  ^ 


3o 
Thirty. 


40 
Forty. 


E 


z. 


E  + 


0  + 


39 


Et*. 


5o 
Fifty. 


60 

Sixty. 


1^^ 


6 
± 


E  + 


:^  + 


70 

Seventy. 


Z^ 


-h  + 


80 

Eighty. 


90 
Ninety. 


A  + 


21. 
It 


:^  + 


6 


40; 


mt 


lOO 

Onehiindred.  ^ 

/    V 


X 


"If 


i,ooo 

One 

thousand. 


M 


^ 


10,000 

Ten 

thonsand. 


5!< 


Pi 


41 


100,000 

Iliindred 
thousand. 


"if 

m 


"i 


+ 


1,000,000    V /^ 

One  million./  -H 

B 
B 


~  HM 


^    ^/W    t^:    y^    =i 


PROGRESSIVE 


CHINESE     AND     ENGLISH 


EXERCISES. 


RADICALS. 


^ 


W 


TSI   PU. 


^ 


CHARACTERS  OF  ONE  STROKE. 


I 

— ' 

j-^- 

One. 

7 

'ih. 

Two. 

2 

1 

Aivdn. 

A  perpendicular  stroke. 

8 

t. 

to. 

A  point  over  a  line 

3 

^ 

chu. 

A  point. 

9 

A  i 

jin. 

A  man. 

4 

y 

pe. 

A  stroke  to  the  left. 

10 

;l 

Jin. 

A  man  walking. 

5 

z. 

y^- 

A  crooked  stroke. 

II 

A 

/'• 

To  enter. 

6 

] 

fihi. 

A  hooked  stroke. 

12 

A 

pah. 

Eight. 

CnARACTERS  OF  TWO  STROKES. 


i3 

n 

Idung. 

The  uttermost  border. 

i4 

/— * 

me. 

A  covering. 

i5 

^ 

ping. 

An  icicle. 

iG 

/L 

hi. 

A  bench,  a  table. 

17 

U 

lihau. 

A  receptacle. 

18 

77  ij 

tau. 

A  sword,  a  knife. 

19 

:* 

li. 

Strength. 

20 

^ 

pdu. 

To  fold  up. 

21 

t 

pi. 

A  spoon. 

22 

n 

fang. 

A  square  vessel. 

23 

c 

hi. 

To  conceal. 

24 

+ 

ski. 

Ten. 

25 

^ 

pu. 

To  divine 

26 

|JP 

tsi. 

A  knot. 

27 

r 

hau. 

An  overhanging  precipice 

28 

A 

sz  . 

Private,  selfish. 

29 

X 

■yd. 

Again,  also. 

CH.UIACTERS 

OF    THREE    STROKES. 

3o 

pn 

kau. 

The  mouth. 

3i 

U 

luvui. 

An  inclosure. 

32 

+  i 

tu. 

The  ground. 

33 

sz\ 

A  scholar. 

34 

^ 

chi. 

To  come  up  from  behind 

35 

^ 

sui. 

To  walk  lowly. 

3fi 

^ 

si. 

The  evening. 

46 

111 

shan. 

A  mountain. 

37 

A 

td. 

Great. 

(K 

38 

-K 

nii. 

A  daughter,  woman. 

47 

{ 

chuen. 

A  stream. 

39 

? 

tsz\ 

A  son. 

« 

40 

)J^ 

mien. 

A  shed ,  to  cover. 

48 

T 

Aung. 

Work. 

41 

-f 

tsun. 

An  inch. 

49 

a 

Ai. 

Self. 

4j 

'Y 

siau. 

Little. 

5o 

^ 

kin. 

A  napkin. 

% 

5i 

T 

kan. 

A  shield. 

43 

it 

wang. 

Lame. 

52 

^ 

yau. 

Young. 

'jl 

53 

r 

yen. 

A  shelter. 

44 

P 

shi. 

A  corpse. 

54 

i. 

Yin. 

To  go  a  journey. 

45 

•f 

clihi. 

A  bud. 

55 

fr 

kung. 

To  fold  the  hands 

56 

-t 

jih. 

An  arrow. 

57 

^ 

hung. 

A  bow. 

58 

i 

ki. 

A  pig's  head. 

59 

^ 

san. 

Hair,  feathers 

6o 

4 

chih. 

To  step. 

CUARACTEnS  OF  FOUR  STROKES. 

Gi 

&f 

sin. 

The  heart. 

62 

:% 

ko. 

A  lance. 

63 

P 

hu. 

A  door. 

64 

^i 

shall. 

A  hand. 

65 

± 

chi. 

A  branch. 

66 

^i 

pull. 

A  tap. 

67  3v  y*  wan. 

68  ^f-  tau. 

69  Jx  kin. 

70  ^  f<^"S- 

71  ^  wu. 

72  H  y'- 

73  0  >• 

74  f\  jue- 

75  Tfv  WM. 

76  yC  kien. 

77  it  c/»". 

78  ^  /«7. 


An  ornament. 

A  peck. 

A  hatchet,  a  pound. 

A  square. 

Not. 

The  sun. 

To  speak. 

The  moon. 

Wood. 

To  owe. 

To  stop. 

Bad. 


4 


79  ^C 

80  -^ 

82  ^ 

83  ft 

84  ^ 

85  ;^  J'    shui. 

86  j)C 

87  ;r 


shall , 
(vu. 
pi. 
mdu. 
shi. 
/a. 


n\\ 


88  ^ 

89  ^ 


chau. 

fa. 

hiau. 


To  kill. 

Without,  a  denial. 

To  compare. 

Hair. 

A  clan. 

Vapor. 

Water. 

Fire. 

Nails. 

Father. 

To  blend. 


90     p^        c/uvang.  Bedstead. 


91 

)l        P'^"- 

A  splinter. 

92 

W       ^«- 

The  grinders. . 

93 

^  If    niu. 

A  Cow. 

94 

y^  ^    Allien. 

A  dog. 

95 

2^        hiuen. 

Sombre. 

CHARACTERS 

OF   FIVE  STROKES. 

96 

T  J  ju. 

A  gem. 

97 

it   '^"^«- 

A  melon. 

98 

^        wa. 

A  tile. 

99 

J          /a«. 

Sweet. 

100 

/^  -         sang. 

Life ,  to  live. 

101 

ffl        J««^- 

To  use. 

/_,             OP  IBB       ^ 

1  O-WIVERSTT 

102        p- 

tien. 

A  field. 

io3     J^ 

siu. 

A  foot. 

io4    f^ 

nih. 

Sickness. 

io5  y^ 

po- 

To straddle. 

io6     ^ 

pe. 

White. 

Jf>7     ife 

pi. 

The  skin. 

io8  im 

miiig. 

A  vessel. 

109    @ 

mil. 

The  eye. 

no    ::g-* 

mau. 

A  spear. 

III    ^ 

shi. 

A  dart. 

112    ^ 

shi. 

A  stone. 

ii3    ;|| 

she. 

To  mainfest. 

1x4  p3  joiv.  The  print  of  a  clow. 

ii5  Tl^  h6.  Grain. 

116  /\  liiue.  A  cave. 

1 1 7  _)/.  ^''  To  stand. 


CHARACTERS 

OF    SIX    STROKES. 

118 

#"* 

dm. 

Bamboo. 

"9 

% 

mi. 

Rice. 

120 

3k 

me. 

Silk. 

121 

ffi- 

fo. 

A  jar. 

122 

i)r 

(Pang. 

A  net. 

123 

n- 

jdng. 

A  sheep. 

124 

m 

JU. 

Wings,  feathers. 

125 

^ 

lau. 

Old. 

1 

i37 

^ 

cho. 

A  boat. 

126 

W 

'rh. 

Whiskers,  and. 

i38 

E: 

A  an. 

disobedient. 

I2V 

* 

lui. 

The  handle  of  a  plough. 

1 39 

fe 

se. 

The  countenance 

128 

ir 

'rh. 

The  ear. 

1 40 

i|ii|i++ 

tsau. 

Grass. 

129 

^ 

yih. 

A  pencil 

i4i 

;fe 

hu. 

A  tiger. 

i3o 

I^B 

jau. 

Flesh. 

143 

x^^ 

chung. 

An  insect. 

i3i 

E 

chin. 

A  servant.  A  statesman. 

143 

u 

hiue. 

Blood. 

1 32 

S 

tsz'. 

Self. 

144 

It 

hing. 

Togo. 

1 33 

¥ 

chi. 

To  arrive  at. 

145 

5fe 

I. 

Clothes. 

1 34 

H 

kiu. 

A  mortar. 

146 

itU 

ya. 

To  Cover  over. 

i35 

S 

she. 

The  tongue. 

CHARACTERS 

OF    SEVEX  STROKES. 

1 36 

^t 

chuen. 

To  oppose. 

•  47 

M 

kien. 

To  see. 

48 

fi 

kidh. 

A  horn. 

49 

o 

yen. 

A  word. 

5o 

n 

ku. 

A  valley. 

5r 

3 

tau. 

Pulse. 

52 

m 

chi. 

A  pig. 

53 

^ 

ch'he. 

A  reptile. 

1 54 

^ 

pei. 

A  tortoise  shell 

[55 

# 

tsei. 

Red. 

[56 

^ 

tsau. 

To  run ,  to  go. 

'57 

£ 

tsu. 

The  leg. 

1 58 

# 

shin. 

The  body. 

i5q 

m 

ku. 

A  carriage. 

i6o 

^ 

sin. 

Bitter. 

i6i 

fk 

'shin. 

An  hour. 

162 

^  ^  c/j'/io. 

To  go  and  stop  by  fits  and 

starts. 

i€3 

aii 

j-ih. 

A  city. 

164 

m 

ju. 

To  ripen. 

i65 

^ 

pien. 

To  distinguish. 

166 

¥ 

li. 

A  hamlet. 

CHARACTERS 

OF   EIGHT    STROKES. 

167 

A 

kin. 

Metal. 

168 

S 

chang. 

Long. 

169 

n 

mun. 

A  door. 

9 


lyo 

*i5 

fau. 

A  mound. 

171 

^ 

tae. 

To  reach  to. 

172 

n 

chui 

The  short  tail  of  a  bird. 

173 

\M 

yu. 

Rain. 

174 

=1* 

P3 

tsing. 

Green. 

175 

$¥ 

fi. 

To  oppose,  a  denial. 

CIIARACTEnS 

OF   NINE    STROKES. 

176 

sr 

mien. 

The  foce. 

177 

¥ 

/cell. 

Untanned  leather. 

178 

^ 

ivei. 

Tanned  leather. 

»79 

i\i 

kiu. 

Leeks. 

180 

It 

jin. 

A  Sound. 

181  ^  hie.  The  head. 

182  JH  fung.  The  wind. 
i83  fH  fi.  To  fly. 

184  ^  shi.  To  eat. 

1 85  pf  shau.  The  human  head. 

186  ^  hiang.  Fragrant. 

CnARACTERS  OF    TEN   STROKES. 

187  5^  md.  A  hoi-se. 

188  *^  Xtt.  A  bone. 

^9^  1^  '^<^"-  High. 

190  Tv^  piaii.  Long  hairs. 

191  Pi        ^<'^'^-  '^''^^  warriors  fighting. 


10 


192 

193 
194 


201 


l^        ch'hang.  Fragrant  wine. 

1^        lei.  A  Caldron. 

^        /avei.        A  departed  spirit. 

CHARACTERS  OF  ELEVEX  STROKES. 

A  fish. 
A  bird. 
Salt. 
A  stag. 
Grain. 
Hemp. 

CHARACTERS    OF    TWELVE  STROKES. 

r        hivdng.     Yellow. 


195 

4n\ 

yu. 

196 

niau. 

197 

It 

lu. 

198 

ii 

lu. 

199 

M 

mi. 

200 

Wi 

md. 

202    -^^ 
2o3 

2o4 


shu.  Millet. 

hi.  Black. 

die.  To  sew,  to  embroider. 


CHARACTERS  OF   THIRTEEN    STROKES. 


20: 


-6     ff] 
207    fj^ 

208   M, 


mang. 
ting, 
ku. 
slm. 


A  toad. 
A  tripod. 
A  drum. 
A  mouse. 


209 


CHARACTERS  OF  FOURTEEN^TROKBS. 


The  nose. 


11 


2IO     ^^        tsi.  Even  on  the  top. 


CHARACTEns    OF    FIFTEEN    STROKES. 


211     ^        chi.  The  teeth. 


CHARACTERS  OF  SIXTEEN  STROKES. 

212  ^g        iung.         A  dragon. 

2 1 3  ^^        ^ivei.        A  turtoise. 
2i4     ]^       ^o''^-  A  pipe. 


I. 

Thou. 

He. 

We. 

You. 

Thev. 

I  have. 

Thou  hast. 


«  - 

-     M 

X 

li 

1'J' 

-fill 

^kin 

i*n 

ikf\ 

?k* 

#* 

13 


Wo. 

Ni. 
Ta. 

Wo  mun. 
Ni  mun. 
Ta  mun. 
Wo  yu. 
Ni  yii. 


1i 


He  has. 

iii^ 

Tayu. 

We  have. 

m  m  * 

Wo  mun  yu. 

You  have. 

i*ffl^ 

Ni  mun  yu. 

They  have. 

ftffl^ 

Ta  mun  yii. 

Gold. 

^ 

Kin. 

Gold  dust. 

&^^ 

Kin  sha. 

Gold  leaf. 

#jS 

Kin  poh. 

Silver. 

II..  a  ^ 

Yin,  pekin. 

Iron. 

m 

Tie. 

Iron  ore. 

li?I 

Tie  kwang. 

Steel. 

IB 

Kang. 

13 


Copper. 

Brass. 

Tin. 

Lead. 

Mine. 

Mica. 

Quartz. 

Pebbles. 

Coal. 

Diamond. 

Flint 

Lime. 


m 
nm 


00 


Tung. 

Hwang  tiing. 

Se. 

Yuen. 

Kwang. 

Kin  sing  shi. 

Tsing. 

Ngo  Iwan  shi. 
Shi  mei. 
Kin  kangshi. 
Ho  shi. 
Pe  hwui. 


16 


Marble. 
Salt. 

Salt  jietre. 
Saline  springs. 


Ilwa  shi. 
Yen. 
Pa  siau. 
Yen  chi. 


I  have  gold. 
Thou  hast  gold  dust. 
He  has  gold  leaf. 
We  hive  silver. 
You  have  iron. 
They  have  iron  ore. 


#  ^  ^  ^i^ 

tfe  m  ^i  ig.w 
#  ffl  *  m 
ill  111  ^^  m  m 


W6  yii  kin. 

Niyiikin  sha. 

Ta  yu  kin  poh. 

Wo  mun  yu  yin,  pe  kin. 

Ni  nuui  yu  tie. 

Ta  mun  yii  tie  Rwang. 


17 


I  had. 


Thou  had  St 


He  had. 


We  had. 


Ik  nm^ 

ik  ^;£  n  * 

f*  ^  m  ^ 

j*  fr  nf  ^ 
I  ^*  «  «  ^ 

[  #  ^  H#  ^ 


tfe  ffl  ^  m  ^1 


Wo  sien  shi  yi'i. 
Wo  tsien  shiyi'i. 
Wo  tsiing  tsien  yi'i. 

Ni  sien  shi  yii. 
Ni  tsien  shiyii. 
Ni  tsung  tsien  yi'i. 

Ta  sien  shi  yti. 
Til  tsien  shi  yi'i. 
Ta  tsung  tsien  yu. 

Wo  mun  sien  shi  yu. 


J8 


We  had. 


You  had. 


They  had. 


(  *  111  m  m  * 
«c  -fn  «  m  * 


i*1Pi* 

Ht^ 

#  in  fit 

H*-l3 

1*  in « 

HiJ  In 

itiiin* 

IJ#% 

liin  It 

uf  ^ 

ii  in  If 

HIJ  ^ 

W6  mun  tsien  shi  yi'i. 
Wo  mun  tsung  tsien  yu. 

Ni  mun  sien  shi  yii . 
Ni  mun  tsien  shi  yu. 
Ni  mun  tsung  tsien  yii. 

Ta  mun  sien  shi  yu. 
Ta  mun  tsien  shi  yu. 
Ta  mun  tsung  tsien  yii. 


19 


I  had  steel. 

Tiiou  hadst  copper, 

He  had  brass. 
We  had  tin. 
You  had  lead . 
They  had  a  mine. 


1*  It  m  a  m 

^  fn  *  Hf  'fr  m 
i$  in  If  m  *  m 
*  in  ffi  i!f  *  - 10 
m 


W6  sien  shi  yu  kang. 

Ni  tsien  shiyii  lung. 

Ta  tsung  tsien  yi'i  hwang  tiing. 

Wo  mun  sien  shi  yi'i  se. 

Ni  mun  tsien  shiyuyuen. 

Ta  mun  tsung  tsien  yi'i  yi  ko, 

Kwang. 


I  shall  have. 


^-  m  ^ 

HI  *  ^ 


Wo  tsiii  yu. 
W6  tsiang  lai  yu. 
Wo  hau  lai  yii. 


20 


Thou  wilt  have. 


He  will  have. 


We  shall  have. 


w  m  * 
#  m  *  ^ 
-f*  ^i  *  ^ 

« It  *  ^f 
^-  if\  m  ^ 

^  in  M  *  ^a 

-^fe  ff  I  ii  *  * 


Ni  tsii'iyii. 

Ni  tsiang  lai  yu. 

Ni  hau  lai  vi'i. 


Ta  tsiu  yu 

Ta  tsiang  lai  yi'i. 

Ta  hail  lai  vi'i. 


Wo  mun  tsii'i  yi'i. 
Wo  mun  tsiang  lai  yu. 
Wo  mun  hau  lai  )  ii. 


21 


You  will  have. 


They  will  have. 


I  shall  have  mica. 
Thou  wilt  have  quartz. 
He  will  have  pebbles. 
We  shall  have  coal. 


i*  m  m  ^ 

1*  v\  iti^^ 

ifi  in  m  ti 

1i  i?\  u  *  * 

« in  ii  *  ^j 

W  sTl  ^f  ^  * 

5 
1*  )lf  *  *  lil 

14  i&  *  ii  m  0p  ^ 

ik  in  Wi  ^T  ^5  « 


Ni  mini  tsfu  yu . 

Ni  mun  tsiang  lai  yii. 

Ni  mun  hau  lai  yii. 

Ta  mun  tsiu  yu. 

Ta  mun  tsiang  lai  yu, 

Ta  mun  hau  lai  yu. 

Wo  tsiu  yu  kin  sing  shi. 
Ni  tsiang  lai  yu  tsing. 
Ta  hau  lai  yii  ngo  Iwan  shi. 
Wo  mun  tsiu  yii  shi  mei. 


22 


You  will  have  diamonds 


They  will  luive  flint. 


Let  me  have. 


Have  thou. 


Let  him  have. 


■fi  ffl  1$  *  ^  i)c  ^ 


e-  ^  #  ^' 


Ni  mun  tsiang  lai  yii  kin  kang. 

shi. 

Tii  mun  hau  lai  y'i  ho  shi. 

Shang  w6  yu. 
Hii  wu  yi'i. 
Cluui  wo  yu. 

Wuyau  ni  yu. 
Tsing  ni  yu. 

Hii  tayii. 


23 


Let  lis  have. 


Have  ye. 


Let  them  have. 


W  ik  in  * 


f*  in  &  * 


it «  m  * 


Ilil  wo  mun  yi'i. 

Ni  mun  tsi  yii 

Wu  yau  ni  mun  tsi  yd. 

Hii  ta  mun  yu. 


Let  me  have  hme. 


Have  thou  marble. 


t^&n 


§ft  1*  ^  ^  5" 
H^  ^  4*  ^  ^s  5 


Shang  w6  yu  pe  hwui. 

Tsing  ni  yu  hwa  shi. 
Wu  yau  ni  yu  hwa  shi. 


24 


Let  him  have  salt. 

Let  us  have  salt  peter. 

Have  ye  flint. 

Let  them  have  saline  springs. 


I  have  not. 
Thou  hast  not. 

He  has  not. 
We  have  not.  . 
You  have  not. 
They  have  not. 


it  -li  *  m 

Hi'i  ta  yi'i  yen . 

It  tfe  in  =t  ih  m 

Hii  w(')  mnn  yi'i  pu  siau. 

m  1*  -m  *  ik.  ^ 

Tsing  ni  mun  yi'i  ho  shi 

It  '1 ' "  -#■  ej 

m 

Hii  ta  mun  yi'i  yen  chi. 

^  m  * 

Wo  mu  yu. 

■f*i4* 

Ni  muyi'i. 

«J4^ 

Ta  mu  yii. 

?fe  m  ?4  =*• 

Wo  mun  mu  yu. 

#  fn  'Ik  ^ 

Ni  mun  mu  yii. 

ik  m  m  ^ 

Ta  mun  muyi'i. 

ZO 


I  had  not. 

Ik  :*  Hf  IS  * 

Wii  sien  shi  mu  yii. 

Thou  hadst  not. 

1$  it  Pt  JS  * 

Ni  tsien  shi  mu  yu. 

He  had  not. 

it «  It  IS  * 

Tii  tsung  tsien  mu  yii. 

We  had  not. 

tfe  m  fit  if  IS  * 

Wo  mun  tsung  tsien  mu  yii 

You  had  not. 

■f*  in  Hf  Ht  IS  * 

Ni  mun  tsien  shi  mii  yii. 

They  had  not. 

ft  in  ^  Bt  IS  * 

Ta  mun  sien  shi  mu  yu . 

I  shall  not  have. 

tfe  m  IS  * 

•  Wo  tsiii  mu  yu . 

Thou  wilt  not  have. 

■f*  It  *  IS  t 

Ni  hau  lai  mu  yu. 

He  will  not  have. 

ft  »  *  IS  * 

Ta  tsiang  lai  mu  yu. 

We  shall  not  have. 

sfe  in  m  IS  * 

Wo  mun  tsiu  mu  yii. 

You  will  not  have. 

1*  in »  ^  IS  *- 

Ni  mun  tsiang  lai  mu  yii. 

They  will  not  have. 

ft  in  ^i  ?fe  IS  * 

Ta  mun  hau  lai  mu  yu. 

•2(\ 


Bread. 

Meat. 

Water. 

Wine. 

Fruit. 

Beef. 

Mutton. 

Veal. 

Pork. 

Beans. 

Cabbage. 

Carrot, 


m 

M  1*1 


±± 
•ft* 


fii 


Mien  pan. 

Jau. 

Shiii. 
Tsiii. 

R\v6  tsz' 
Niii  jau. 
Yang  jau. 
Siau  niii  jau. 
Chu  jau. 
Tsan  tau. 
Ye  tsai. 
Rung  16  pe. 


27 


Cauliflowers. 

Cayenne  pepper. 

Celery. 

Cucumber. 

Garlik, 

Ginger. 

Melon. 

Mustard. 

Onions. 

Irish  potatoes. 

Sweet  potatoes. 

Pumpkins. 


iSlfal 


ik 


ism 


Hwa  ye  tsai. 
Tsiau. 
Tang  kau. 

Hwang  kwa. 
Tsing  swan. 
Kiang. 
Kwa. 
Kiai  tsiii. 
Tsung  tau. 
Ho  Ian  shii. 
Kung  shu. 
Tung  kwa. 


28 


Hire. 

Apples. 

Almonds. 

Oranges. 

Peaches. 

Grapes. 

Olives. 


Mi. 

Ping  kw6. 

Hang  jin. 

Sz'  kwei  kie. 

Tau. 

Pi'i  ti  tsz'. 

Tsing  kwo. 


I  have  no  bread 
Thou  hast  no  meat. 
He  has  no  Avater. 


^  n  ^J  li  -S 
^*  'i%  ^  i^ 


W6  mu  yii  mien  pan. 
Ni  mu  yii  jau. 
T,i  muyu  shui. 


29 


We  have  no  wine. 
You  have  no  fruit. 
They  have  no  beef. 
I  had  no  mutton. 
Tliou  hadst  no  veal. 

He  had  no  pork. 
We  had  no  beans. 

You  had  no  cabbage. 
They  had  no  carrot. 


^l  111  m  * 
f*  f\  m  * 

m  111  ?^  ^f 
1^  ^  Hf  m 

i$  t  m  J3: 

m  « «j  m 
^- 111 « It 
a. 
1*  m  « It 

+4- 

as 

m  in  ^  p# 


JS 

Ki^ 

^-  l/i) 

*¥^=I 

*  '>  ^ 

*-|Sp^ 

1^  ^f  a 

?^  ^j  m 

m  ^T  IE 

Wo  mun  niu  yu  tsii'i. 

Ni  mun  mu  yu  kwo  tsz'. 

Ta  mun  mu  yi'i  niu  jau. 

Wo  sien  shi  mu  yu  yang  jau. 

Ni  tsien  shi  mu  yu  siau  niu 

jau. 

Ta  tsuug  tsien  mu  yu  chi'i  jau. 

Wo  mun  tsung  tsien  mu  yu  tsan 

tau. 

Ni  mun  tsung  tsien  mu  yu  ye 

tsai. 

Ta  mun  sien  shi  mu  yu  kung 


30 


I  shall  have  no  cauliflowers. 

Thou  wilt  have  no  Cayenne  pepper. 
He  will  have  no  celery. 

We  shall  have  no  cucumber. 
You  will  have  no  garlic. 

They  will  have  no  ginger. 
Let  me  have  no  melon. 
Have  thou  no  mustard. 
Let  him  have  no  onions. 
Let  us  have  no  potatoes. 


SI 


r  ^/-& 


i 
tt  II  * 

M  M  * 


±± 


m  ^  m  m 
i$  m  » ?fe  Jt  ^  w 


m  in  It 

it-  m  ?s 
i«  ife  in 


?t  ^f  5f  ^- 
?S  ^T  "lii  "i 


lo  pe. 

W6  tsiii  mu  yi'i  hwa  ye  tsai. 

Ni  hau  lai  mu  yi'i  tsiau. 

Ta  tsiang  lai  mu  yi'i  tang  kau. 

Wo  mun  tsii'i  mu  yu  hwang  kwa. 

Ni  mun  tsiang  lai  mu  yu  tsing. 

swan.  V 

Ta  mun  hau  lai  mu  yu  kiang. 

Shang  wo  mu  yu  kwa. 

Wu  yau  ni  mu  yii  kiai  tsai, 

Hii  ta  mu  yu  tsung  tau. 

Chun  wo  mun  muyil  holan  shu. 


V- 


\  B  R  A  i 

OF  TBB 


Have  ye  no  sweet  potatoes 
Let  them  have  no  pumpkins. 


Havel. 
Hast  thou. 
Has  he. 
Have  we. 
Have  you. 
Have  they. 
Had  I. 


m  f*  fi  js  ^  E  m 


*i-^  J5^ 

#  *  1g  * 

«  ^f  m  * 

ife  in  tj  fs  * 

f*  f  1  ^  ?5  * 

fi  m^m^ 

&  ^  HI  *  JS  ^ 

tJWIVERSITT 


31 


shu.  ^'^^^aifSSSi^ 

Tsiiig  ni  mun  mu  yi'i  hung  shu. 
Hii  ta  mun  mun  mu  yii  tungkwa. 


Wu  yu  mu  yi'i. 

Ni  yu  mu  yu. 

Ta  yii  mu  yii. 

Wo  mun  yii  mu  yii . 

Ni  mun  yu  mu  yii. 

Ta  mun  yu  mu  yu. 

Wu  sien  shi  yii  mu  yii. 


32 


Hadst  thou. 
Had  he. 
Had  we. 
Had  you. 
Had  they. 
Shall  I  have. 
Wilt  thou  have. 
Will  he  have. 
Shall  we  have. 
Will  you  have. 
Will  they  have. 


m  ^ 


/■i'  71 


mm 


7lf  * 


IS* 

?«*  ■ 

*t5* 

*ts* 

*?5* 

* 

?5* 

?s*- 

?5* 

*J5* 

*l$* 

Ni  tsung  tsien  yii  mu  yii. 

Ta  tsien  shi  yu  mu  yi'i. 

Wo  mun  sien  shi  yu  mu  yu. 

Ni  mun  tsien  shi  yii  nniyii. 

Ta  mun  tsung  tsien  yii  mu  yii. 

Wu  tsiO  yii  mu  yii. 

Ni  tsiiing  lai  yii  mu  yii. 

Ta  hail  lai  yii  mu  yii. 

Wo  mun  tsiii  yii  mu  yii. 

Ni  mun  hau  lai  yii  mu  yii. 

Ta  mun  tsiang  lai  yii  mu  yi'i. 


33 


Butter. 
Cheese, 
aiilk. 

Eggs. 

Tea. 

Salad. 

Pepper. 

Fork. 

Knife. 

Spoon. 

Cup,  glass. 

Wheat. 


^1 

^  f  L  t 


25 


-i-+ 

* 


m 

7] 


Nii'i  yu. 

Niii  jii  ping. 

Jii. 

Tan. 

Cha. 

Sang  tsai. 

Tsiau. 

Cha. 

Tau. 

Shi. 

Pei. 

Me. 


u 


Barly. 

A3? 

Maize. 

M^t 

Sugar. 

m 

Sugar  cane. 

Water  melon. 

ait 

Spices. 

#» 

Havel  butter. 

tte  *  ^-  m  J 

Hast  thou  cheese. 

#  *  ^^  ?L  1 

Has  he  milk. 

ft  ^r  ?L  ?t " 

Have  we  eggs. 

ife  in  *  s  1 

Ta  me. 

Su  mi. 

Tang. 

Ran  che. 

Si  kwa. 

Hiiing  liaii. 

Wo  yu  niu  y 

u  mu  yii. 

Ni  yu  niu  jii 

ping  mu  yn 

Ta  yiijii  mu 

y'"- 

Wo  mun  yu 

tan  mu  yu. 

3:) 


Have  yon  tea. 

i*  f"i  *  *^m^ 

Ni  mun  yu  cha  mu  yii. 

Have  they  salad. 

iii  n  t  *  m  m  ^ 

Ta  inun  yu  sang  tsai  mu  yu. 

Had  I  peppei-. 

Ik  ft  n  *  *  ?2 1) 

W6  sien  shi  yi'i  tsiau  mu  yu. 

Hadst  thou  a  fork. 

\%  W  Bl  ^  -  4^  X 

Ni  tsien  shi  yu  yi  ko  cha 
mu  yu. 

Had  he  a  knife. 

1i  «  It  *  -  ^  77 

Ta  Isung  tsien  yu  yi  ko  tau 

Had  we  spoons. 
Had  you  a  cup. 

%\  in  ^  H*  ^j  a  IS 

f*  in  It  Bt  *  -  ^ 

if  fs  * 

mu  yu. 

Wo  mun  sien  shi  yu  shi  mu 

Ni  mun  tsien  shi  yu  yi  ko  pei 
mu  yu. 

Had  they  wheat. 

m  in  i«  t  *  s  1^ 

Ta  mun  Isung  tsien  yii  me  mu 

36 


Shall  I  have  Barley. 
\Mlt  thou  have  maize. 

Will  lie  nave  sugar. 


Shall  we  have  sugar  cane. 


Will  vouhave  a  watermelon. 


Will  they  liave  spices. 


1*  »  *  ^  M  *  ^^ 

*  ^i  *  ^f  ft  m  * 
1* inii *  *  - 4- 

Wit  ^5* 

M  in  7if  *  "^  #  ft 


yn. 

Wu  tsiii  yu  ta  me  mu  yi'i. 

Ni  tsiang  lai  yu  su  mi  mu 

Ta  hau  lai  yu  tang  mu  vu. 
Wo  mun  tsiu  yu  kan  die  mu 

y"- 

Ni  mun  hau  lai  yu  yi  ko 

si  kwa  mu  yi'i. 

Ta  mun  tsiang  lai  yu  hiang  H;Ui 

mu  vu. 


37 


Have  I  not. 
Hast  thou  not. 
Has  he  not. 
Have  we  not. 
Have  you  not. 
Have  they  not. 
Had  I  not. 
Hadst  thou  not. 
Had  he  not. 
Had  we  not. 
H.id  you  not. 
Had  tlicv  not. 


\^  n  ^j 
^-  T\  m 
1*  m  m 
m  m  15 

^*  m  m 

*  nil  Hf 

1k  f  i  ^ 

*  in « 


^  s 

^2  ^f  ]S 

01-  rs  ^^ 

HI-  15  ^J 


W6  mu  yu  mo. 

Ni  mu  yu  mo. 

Ta  mu  yu  mo. 

Wo  mun  mu  yu  mo. 

Ni  mun  mu  yii  mo. 

Ta  mun  mu  yu  mo. 

Wo  sien  shi  mu  yii  mo. 

Ni  tsung  tsien  mu  yii  mo. 

Ta  tsien  shi  mu  yii  mo. 

Wo  mun  sien  mu  yu  mo. 

Ni  mun  tsien  shi  mu  yii  mo. 

Ta  mun  tsung  tsien  mu  yii  mo. 


38 


Shall  I  not  have. 

w  $z  m  *  M 

W6  tsiii  mil  yii  mo. 

Wilt  thou  not  have. 

f*  w  *  m  ^ 

s 

Ni  tsiang  lai  mil  yii  mo. 

Will  he  not  have. 

It  11  *  15  =t 

;fi 

Ta  hail  lai  mu  yii  mo. 

Shall  we  not  have. 

m  v\  m  \%  * 

s 

Wo  man  tsiu  mu  yii  mo. 

Will  vou  not  have. 

■f*  ffi  \&  *  js  ^-  » 

Ni  mun  hau  lai  mu  yii  mo. 

Will  they  not  have. 

li  fii  vi^m  ^ 

m 

Ta  mun  tsiang  lai  mu  yii  mo 

Ape. 

it 

Yuen . 

Ass. 

li 

Lu. 

Bear. 

niung. 

Boar. 

m^ 

Chu  kung. 

3U 


Burfiiio. 

Bull. 

Calf. 

Camel. 

Dog. 

Elephant. 

Fox. 

Goat. 

Horse. 

Lion. 

Mare. 

Mouse. 


*^ 

Sliui  niu. 

^4- 

Niii  kung. 

ti 

Tu. 

l§St 

Loh  to. 

^,m 

Kiuen,  kau. 

M. 

Siang. 

m  m 

Hu  li. 

a^ 

Shan  yang. 

Ma. 

m^ 

Sz'  tsz'. 

^  £},fl9  -t  • 

Niu  ma,  ma  mu. 

-tiE 

Shi  slii'i. 

40 


Tiger. 

Cat. 

Ox. 

Cow. 

Sheep. 

Have  I  no  ape. 

Hast  thou 

no  ass. 

Has  he  no 

bear. 

Have  we  no  boar. 

Have  you 

no  buffalo 

%;t 

Lau  fii. 

m 

Mau. 

^ 

Niu. 

ft  4^ 

Pien  niii. 

¥ 

Yang. 

sfe  15  ^  IS  a 

Wo  mu  yii  yuen  mo. 

-f*  m  ^  m  m 

Ni  mu  yii  lu  mo. 

*  m^mm 

Ta  mu  yu  hiung  mo. 

sfe  -fn  m  *  m 

-^-s 

Wo  mun  mu  yu  chu  kung  mo 

1*  ^n  15  *  *  ^  s 

Ni  mun  mu  yii  shui  niii  mo. 

41 


Have  they  no  bull. 
Had  I  no  calf. 
Hadst  thou  no  camel. 

Had  he  no  dog. 
Had  we  no  elephant. 

Had  you  no  fox. 

Had  they  no  goat. 

Shall  1  have  no  horse. 


*  in  m  ^ 

^  ^  nf  m 
1*  «  m  n 


ft  m 

mm 


?/^ 


^m 


m 


Ai 


15 


IS 


A  1* 


^  ill 


Ta  mun  mu  yu  niu  kung  mo. 

W6  sien  shi  mu  yii  tu  mo. 

Ni  tsung  tsien  mu  yu  loh  to 

mo. 

Til  tsien  shi  mu  yu  kiuen  mo. 

Wo  mun  tsien  shi  mu  yu  siang 

mo. 

Ni  mun  tsung  tsien  mu  yii  hu 

li  mo. 

Ta  mun  sien  shi  mu  yu  shan 

yang  mo. 

Wii  tsiu  mu  yii  ma  mo. 

6 


42 


Shalt  thou  have  no  lion. 
Will  he  have  no  mare. 
Shall  we  have  no  mouse. 
Will  you  have  no  tiger. 
Will  they  have  no  cat. 


1*  ^PIII  *  1^  *  t: 


Ni  tsiang  lai  mu  yii  sz'  tsz' 


mo. 


Ta  hau  lai  mu  yu  pien  ma 


mo. 


Wo  mun  tsiu  mu  yu  shi  shii 


mo. 


Ni  mun  hau  lai  mu  yu  lau  fii 


mo. 


Tamun  tsiang  lai  mu  yii  mau 
mo. 


13 


My,  mine. 
Thy,  thine. 
His. 

Our,  ours. 
Your,  yours. 
Their,  theirs. 
Self,  own. 
Myself. 
My  own. 
Thy  own. 
His  own. 
Our  own. 


Ifes^ 

Win. 

f*fl^ 

Ni  If. 

m^i) 

T»U'. 

^  in  fi^ 

Wo  mun  ti. 

1*  m  fi^ 

Ni  mun  ti. 

*  in  ^^ 

Ta  mun  ti. 

icL 

Tsz'  Id. 

^i  a 

Wo  tsz'  ki. 

sie  as^ 

Wo  tsz'  ki  ti. 

f*  s  a  fi^ 

Ni  tsz'  ki  ti. 

ft  i  a  S4f 

Td  tsz'  ki  ti. 

«£-  in  g  a  fi^ 

Wo  muii  tsz'  ki  ti. 

44 


Your  own. 
Their  own. 


Coat. 

Hat. 

Boots. 

Shoes. 

Shirts. 

Comb. 

Watch. 


Carriage. 


n^^ 


mMm 


Ni  mun 

tsz' 

ki 

ti. 

Ta  mun 

tsz' 

ki 

ti. 

Ta  shan. 

Mail  Iz'o 

Hiue. 

Iliai. 

Han  sail 

Su. 

Shi  shin 

pi; 

lU. 

Ma  kii. 

43 


Bed. 

Purse. 

Razor. 

Lamp. 

Lantern. 

Spectacles. 

Pen. 

PenciL 

Paper. 

Ink. 

Pin. 

Needle. 


m 


Chwang. 
Ho  pau. 
Ti  sii  tail. 
Tang. 
Tang  lung. 
Yen  king 
Ngo  mau. 
Pi. 
Chi. 

Me. 
Kuchiiichin. 

Chin. 


46 


Scissors. 

'>  !!$  If 

Siau  kiau  tsien. 

Thread. 

ft 

Sien. 

Silk. 

II 

Sz'. 

Cotton. 

fS^ 

Mien  hwa. 

Wool, 

¥^ 

Yang  mau. 

My  coat. 

^6^:k^^ 

Wo  ti  tashan. 

Thy  hat. 

#.  13^  ti  ?- 

Ni  ti  mau  tz'. 

His  boots. 

^i  i^  K 

Ta  ti  hiue. 

Our  shoes. 

ife  m  fi^  11 

Wo  mun  ti  hiai. 

Your  shirts. 

ft  m  i3§  JT  f# 

Ni  mun  ti  han  san. 

47 


Their  comb. 


*  in  (i^j  IS 


Ta  miin  ti  su. 


I  have  my  watch. 
Thou  hast  thy  carriage. 
He  has  his  bed. 
We  have  our  purse. 
You  have  your  razor. 

They  have  their  lamp. 


#  ^  ^  S^  0*  ^  * 
^*  ^  ^*  S^  ^  $ 

M  ^  tt  S4;  * 
tfe  m  *  !ft  &^  ^  ^ 
1*  *  ft  ^n  fl4;  fij « 
71 

«  ^  *  ffl  ^^  m 


W6  yu  wo  ti  shi  shin  piau. 

Ni  yu  nitimakii. 

Ta  yu  ta  ti  chwang. 

Wo  mun  yii  wo  nun  ti  ho  pdu. 

Ni  yu  ni  mun  ti  ti  sii  tau. 

Ta  yt'i  ta  mun  ti  tang. 


48 


I  have  not  my  coat. 
Hast  thou  thy  hat. 

Has  he  not  his  boots. 
We  have  not  our  shoes. 

Have  you  your  shirts. 

Have  they  not  their  combs. 

I  had  not  my  lantern. 


1km 


urn 

IIS 


*  H-  fi^  A  f ^ 
1*  i§  m  =f  IS 

^  m  ^  ift  s 
m  *  ife  -in  m 

*  f*  ^n  m  n 
?5  ^  ffi  -fn  ^^ 

Ht  IS  ^  s^  fi^ 


Wu  mu  yi'i  wu  ti  ta  shan. 

Ni  yii  ni  ti  mau  tsz'  mu 

yu. 

Ta  mu  yu  ta  ti  hiue  mo. 

Wo  mun  mu  yii  wo  mun  ti 

hiai . 

Ni  mun  yu  ni  mun  ti  han 

san  mu  yu. 

Ta  mun  mu  yu  ta  mun  ti 

sii  mo. 

Wu  sien  shi  mu  yu  vsru  ti 

tang  lung. 


49 


Hadst  thou  thy  spectacles. 
Had  he  not  his  pen. 
We  had  not  our  pencil. 
Had  you  your  paper. 
Had  they  not  theii  ink. 
I  shall  not  have  my  watch. 


6§  wii  m 

m  m  H^  'A  *  *  ^^ 

c  in  ^  HI  ^5  ^  ffe 

f  1 64;  m 

ft  iri  m  H*  ^  -f*  in 
64;  tt  m  * 

i^  f\ «  wim^^iii 

in  64;  s  s 


Ni  tsung  tsien  yu  mu  yi'i  iii 

ti  yen  king. 

Ta  tsien  shi  mu  yu  tii  ti 

ngo  mau  mo. 

Wo  mun  sien  shi  mu  yi'i  wo 

mun  ti  pi. 

Ni  mun  tsien  shi  yu  ni  mun 

ti  chi  mu  yu. 

Ta  mun  tsung  tsien  mu  yu  la 

mun  ti  me  mo. 

Wu  tsiu  mu  yi'i  wu  ti  shi 

shin  piau. 


50 


Wilt  thou  have  thy  carriage. 
Shall  he  not  have  his  bed. 
We  shall  not  have  our  purse. 
Will  you  have  your  razor. 
Will  they  not  have  their  lamp. 


■f*  #  *  *  1*  154;  fl| 
*  jif  *  ?g  ^  14  iS^ 


^  M 


tfe  in  tt  m  ii  ^k  in 

i^  :|$  -ft 

1*  in  «  *  *- 1*  in 

fi4(  |ij «  7? 

i)!i  in  »  *  ?5  ^j  m 

in  154;  ^i  « 


Ni  hau  lai  yu  ni  ti  ma 

kii  mu  yu. 

Ta  tsiang  lai  mu  yu  ta  ti. 


Chwang  mo. 


Wo  mun  tsiii  mu  yii  wo  mun 

ti  ho  pau. 

Ni  mun  hau  lai  yii  ni  mun 

ti  ti  sii  tau. 

Tii  mun  tsiang  lai  mu  yu  tii 


mun  ti  tang  mo. 


51 


I. 

I  (an  old  man). 
I  (an  old  woman). 
I  (a  young  person). 
I  (your  friend). 
Thou,  you. 
You  (genriemen). 

Sir  (teacher). 

Sir  (honorable). 

Great  man  (your  excellency). 

Your  honor. 


:kA 

fr 


Wo,  \vu. 

liau  fu,  luu  han. 

Lau  shin. 


Siau  sang. 


Ti. 

Ni,  'rh,juh. 

Ni  mun  lie  wei,  ko  wei  y6 

mun. 

Sien  sang. 

Tsun  kia. 

Ta  jin. 

Lau  ye. 


52 


Father. 

Mother. 

Son. 

Daughter. 

Child. 

Brother. 

Elder  brother. 

Younger  brother. 

Husband. 

Wife. 


/L 

If  if 


^ 


Fii  tsien. 
Mu  tsien. 
'Rh  tsz'. 
Nil  'rh. 
'Rh. 
K6  ko. 
Hiung. 
Ti. 
Fu. 
Tsi, 


53 


My  father  *. 
My  mother. 
Thy,  your  father. 
Thy,  your  mother. 
My  wife. 
Thy,  your  wife. 
My  son. 
Thy  son. 


*^ 

*# 

•^t: 

^ij? 

rtA 

^  iF 

'i-Z 

^m 


Kia  fii. 
Kia  mu. 


Ling  tsun. 


Ling  tang. 
Nui  jiii. 


Ling  cl 


luis. 


Sidu  'rh. 
Ling  lang. 


*  In  their  expressions  of  civility  llie  Cliinese  are  often  far  fetched  and  extravagant.  Thus  to  say  "  my  "  in  speaking  of  ones  relatives,  family  or  residence, 
is  considered  rode  and  vulgar,  the  person  spealiing  must  always  use  expressions  of  humility  such  as   J    sidu  little  H^tsien,  mean,  instead  of  "my" 
they  also  frequently  substitute  the  word  kid  ^<family,  whilstthe  person  adressedmust  bespoken  to  in  terms  of  respect  as  fticA'..^  honorable  or    V 
ling  commanding,  tsun  honored  instead  of "  your." 


54 


My  daughter. 
Your  daughter. 


Siau  nil. 
Ling  ngai. 


My  father  has  a  house. 
My  mother  has  a  dog. 
Your  father  has  a  horse. 
Your  mother  has  a  bird. 
His  friend  has  a  cow. 

My  son  has  a  mare. 

My  daughter  has  a  carpet. 


*  :£  -  *  4-  .5  f 

^^^  ^-% 

^  »^  ::jfr  __  ^    % 

■fill  fi§  )K  ^  ^  -  « 

4>  %  *  -  tb  fl| 
<h  :?  *  -  *  K 


Kia  fu  yi'i  yi  ko  fang  tsz. 
Kia  mu  yii  yi  ko  kiuen. 
Ling  tsun  yu  ma  yi  pi. 
Ling  tang  yu  yi  chi  niau. 
Ta  ti  pang  yu  yu  yi  chi 
niii  mii. 

Siau  'rh  yu  yi  pin  ma. 
Siau  nil  yu  yi  ti  chen. 


oo 


Your  son  is  brave. 
Your  daughter  has  a  cat. 


A  carpenter. 
A  shoemaker. 
A  hatter. 
A  sailor. 
A  merchant. 
A  scholar. 
A  soldier. 
A  teacher. 


^  a  *  -  iffi  A. 


Ling  lang  yu  yung  k;'in. 
Ling  ngai  yii  yi  man  'rh. 


Tkpr 

Mu  tsiang. 

li  f. 

Hiai  tsiang. 

Mil 

te« 

Chwang  mau  sz'  fu. 

*1^ 

Shui  shau. 

iSA 

Shang  jin. 

^  4: 

Hioh  sang. 

|i;T 

Ping  ting. 

?:'t 

Sien  sang. 

86 


A  farmer. 


m* 


Nung  fii. 


Axe. 

^  nS 

Fu  tail. 

Hammer. 

li" 

Chili. 

Hat. 

li^ 

Mail  tsz'. 

Purse. 

m-u 

Ho  pail. 

Book. 

m 

E^ 

Shii. 

Sword. 

:k7] 

Ta  tau. 

Pupil. 

^  ^, 

f  1  ^ 

Hioh  sang,  mun  sang 

Plough. 

mm 

Li  pa. 

Saw, 

m 

Kii. 

37 


Rope. 

11 

Lan. 

Talent,  ability. 

** 

Pan  sz'. 

Of  the. 

^J^ 

Chi,  ti. 

The  axe  of  the  carpenter. 

*Ee^a 

Mil  tsiang  chi  fi'i  tau. 

The  hammer  of  the  shemaker. 

i=£  &zm 

Hiai  tsiang  chi  chi'ii. 

The  hat  of  the  hatter. 

m  m  m  it  m  ^^  t- 

Cliwang  mau  sz'  fii  ti  mau  tsz' 

The  sailor's  purse. 

*  ^  fi^  ^»?  ^ 

Shui  shau  ti  ho  pau. 

The  merchant's  gold. 

iS  A-t^ 

Shdngjinchikin. 

The  scholar's  book. 

*  4--  fi§  « 

Hioh  sang  ti  shi'i . 

The  soldier's  sword. 

^  J  ^;^77 

Ping  ting  chi  ta  tan. 

58 


The  teacher's  pupil. 
The  farmer's  plough. 
The  carpenter's  saw. 
The  sailor's  rope. 
The  scholar's  ability. 


Mit^^W  IE 

*  ^  64;  II 
f:  ai  6§  *  ♦ 


Sien  sang  ti  hioh  sang. 
Nung  111  ti  li  pa. 
Mu  tsiangchikii. 
Shi'ii  shau  ti  Ian . 
Ilioh  sang  ti  pan  sz'. 


The. 

This. 

That. 

These. 

Those, 


mm 


Ri,  na  lio. 
Che  ko,  tsz*. 
Nako,  pi. 
Che  tang. 
Na  sie. 


59 


Which. 

Which  one. 

Who. 

Whose. 

What. 

Business. 

Thing. 


m  -  4- 


mi 
^  w 


Na. 

Na  yi  ko. 

Shui. 

Shui  ti. 

Ho,  she  mo,  shin  Jii6. 

Sz'. 

Tung  si. 


The  man. 
This  man. 
This  horse. 


ilkA 


HBr 


^       ^ 


Jin,  na  ko  jin. 
Tsz'  jin. 
Cheko  ma. 


60 


That  dog. 
That  monkey. 
These  mares. 
These  covfs. 
Those  goats. 
Which  carpet. 
Which  one. 


This  man  has  my  axe. 


That  carpenter  has  my  hammer 


w^-^ 


m  m  !-Li  m 
w  *  li 


a: 


^  ^@  A  ^  tfe  fl^  ^ 


Nil  ko  kiuen. 
Pi  hau  tsz'. 
Che  sie  pin  ma. 
Che  tang  niii  mii. 
Na  sie  shan  yang. 
Nji  ti  chen . 
Na  yi  ko. 


Che  ko  jin  yu  wo  ti  fi'i 

tau. 

Na  ko  mil  tsiang  yu  wo  ti 


61 


This  shoemaker  has  thy  hat. 


These  sailors  have  your  purse. 


Those  merchants  have  our  books 


These  soldiers  have  their  swords 


]tb  li  E  *  f*  s§  m 

M  7jC  ^  «  *  f * 

sm  A  «  *  #ft 


tsi 


S  ft  T  «  *  m  ffl 


chui. 

Tsz'  hiai  tsiang  yii  ni  ti  mau 

tsz'. 

Che  shui  shau  tang  ya.  ni  ti 

ho  pau. 

Na  shang  jin  tang  yii  wo  mun 

tishu. 

Che  ping  ting  tang  yii  ta  mun 

ti  tu  tau. 


I  have  this  man's  horse.  |    ^  'W   lit*  /A.  "^  5^  I     Wo  yu  tsz*  jin  chi  ma. 


62 


Thou  hast  that  man's  dog. 
He  has  these  men's  monkey. 

We  have  this  carpenter's  mare. 

You  have  that  shoemaker's  cow. 

They  Iiave  these  hatter's  goat. 

Has  this  man  a  carpet. 

Has  that  man  gold. 


*  *  SP  A  ^  :^ 
1i  *  ^  A  #  l54r 

$5  fPl  *  a  *  E  B^ 

f  k  ^ 

1*  ffl  *  SP  li  E  B^ 

ii  fi  *  a  a  i-i  Hi 

•ft  #  fi^  111  #: 


Ni  yu  na  jin  chi  kuien. 

Ta  yu  che  jin  tang  ti  hau 

tsz'. 

Wo  mun  yii  che  mu  tsiang  ti 

pin  ma. 

Ni  man  yu  na  hiai  tsiang  ti 

mu  niu. 

Ta  mun  yu  che  chwang  man  sz' 

fu  tang  ti  shan  yang. 

Che  ko  jin  yii  ta  chen  mu 

Na  ko  jin  yii  kin  mu  yii. 


63 


Which  one  has  silver. 
Who  has  copper. 
Whose  hii^e  have  you. 
Which  one  has  that  man. 
What  has  the  scholar. 
What  ship  has  this  merchant. 
What  husincss  have  they. 
Which  horse  have  I. 
What  house  hast  thou. 
Which  one  has  he. 
Whose  thing  have  you. 
Much,  many. 


p  -  ^  *  m 

Na  yikoyu  yin. 

m  ^  m 

Shui  yi'i  tung. 

« ii  i^m^^s, 

Ni  mun  yu  shui  ti :::;'.. 

m  A  *  si:  -  /^ 

Na  jin  yii  na  yi  ko. 

f;  4^  ^  @S 

Ilioh  sang  yii  shin  mo. 

s  A  ^  e  s  «& 

Shang  jin  yii  shin  mo  chuen 

m  m  t)  1^!  * 

Ta  mun  yu  ho  sz'. 

ife  ^} »  ff} 

Wo  yii  na  ma. 

#  *  f  ij  ^  if- 

Ni  yii  ho  fang  tsz  . 

*  ^j  m  -  -f 

Ta  yii  nayiko. 

^*  n  *  m  ^i}  k  fi 

Ni  mun  yu  shi  ti  ting  si. 

^ 

To. 

64 


Little,  few. 

How  much,  how  many. 


4>      itL 


Shan,  sie,  ki. 
Kito. 


Each,  every. 

All. 

He  who,  that  which. 

Wiiatsoever. 

Every  one  who. 

Each  one. 

Both. 

Either. 


Jim 

— :  iW   ^ 

\ — ^\^^     m 


Roh,  mei,  fan. 

Kiai,  tiJ,  chung. 

So. 

Pu  lun. 

Fan  so. 

Mef  yiko. 

Liang,  'rh,  hen  t;ji. 

Wah,  Willi. 


05 


Neither. 
Any  one. 
Another. 


u  rM  m 


Pu  pii,  wu  wu. 
Wu  wan  shui. 
Pie  ti,  tii. 


A,  one. 

-^ 

Yiko. 

Every  man  has  a  friend. 

#  A  ^T  H  ^ 

Mei  jin  yu  pang  yu. 

Every   gentleman  has  an    om- 

^  -  ^  ^^^r  -  ^ 

R6  yi  sien  sang  yii  yi  ko 

brella. 

#: 

san . 

Every  man  has  a  knife. 

AA^f  7J 

Jin  jin  yu  tan. 

All  men  are  brothers. 

AWX^ 

Jin  kiai  hiung  ti. 

Every  one  of  all  iliese  men  has  gold. 

m^^^AJi'f^^ 

Nako  chungjin  fan  yukin 

9 

m 


Every  thing  has  its  time. 
Whosower  has  money  has 

friends. 
Every  day  they  have  each  a  cup 

of  tea. 


Every  day  and  every  night. 

I  have  the  horse  which  my  father 

had. 
Every  one  who  has  a  dollar. 
Each  one  of  the  soldiers  has 


§*^l3f 

K6  sz'  yiishi. 

r^  m  mi^m^m 

Pu  lun  shui  yi'i  tsien  yu  pang 

% 

y"- 

■li-fnB  HS*- 

Ta  mun  ji  ji  ko  yu  yi 

4-S:S: 

ko  peicha. 

0  H  «  S 

Jiji>yeye. 

Ife  *  «;  *  ^  P  ■! 

Wo  yu  wo  kia  fu  na  vak 

*  M  ^  m 

sien  so  yu  ti. 

A  M  *  -f  IS  ^ 

Fan  so  yii  yi  ko  yin  tsz'. 

l|i  |i;  T  «  -  ^  * 

To  ping  ting  mei  yi  ko  yu 

G7 


a  sword. 

Both  are  sick. 

Both  husband  and  wife. 

Both  man  and  horse. 

Both  scholars  have  talent. 

Neither  of  the  thre  has  gold. 

Neither  gold  nor  iron. 

Neither  law  nor  justice. 

Any  one  who  has  my  umbrella 

has  my  boots. 
You  have  either  my  horse  or  my 

money. 


^71 

Hf  A  IP  ^j  'M 
*  »  ^  A 
aiA^=^ 

H  A  ^f  ^  *  ^ 

if  'M'^X 

m  Fin  m  ^  %\  6^  ^ 
^  -a  e^  fit 

1*  f  I  tM  ^%  %\  ^^  ^ 

pS  ^  ^  f5^j  II 


ta  tau. 

Liang  jin  tii  yu  ping. 

Fiifii  'rh  jin. 

Lien  jin  tai  ma. 

Liang  ko  hioh  sang  yu  pan  sz'. 

San  jin  yu  kin  i  wu. 

Wu  kin  wu  tie. 

Wu  fah  wu  tien. 

Wu  wan  shui  yii  wo  ti  san 

yu  wo  ti  hiue. 

Ni  mun    wah  yu  wo  ti  md 

wah    yu  W(')  fi  tsien. 


63 


He  has  either  much  or  httle. 

f  i  H&  €  *  ^ 

bS 

# 

Ta  wah  che  yu  to  wah  che 

- 

^'J-^ 

yu  shau. 

We   have  neither  money    nor 

m  IK  a  -g  ffe  m  w 

Tsien  yin  mien  pau  wo  mun  kiai 

bread. 

15* 

mu  yu. 

I  have  no  other  horse. 

tfe  m  ^^  ^  J5  * 

Wo  pie  ti  ma  mu  yii. 

Have  you  an  other  cup  of  tea, 

*^m  *- 

2^ 

nit. 

^i 

Sien  sang  hwan  yii  yi  pei  cha 

sir. 

\%^i 

mil  yu. 

I  have  no  other. 

'M.n^ 

Hwan  mil  yii. 

Have  you  much,  money. 

i^ti^'pm 

Ni  yu  to  shau  tsien. 

I  have  not  much. 

^^x^ 

Wo  yii  pu  to. 

I  have  a  few  dollars. 

*  *  s  IK  ^ 

Wo  yu  sieyin  tsz'. 

How  much  has  he. 

it  4i  ^  i- 

Ta  yi'i  to  shall. 

69 


Good. 

WM  W^  ^- 

Shin,  hau  ti,  hau  che 

Bad. 

r^  &  fi^ 

Pu  hau  ti. 

Fat. 

E 

Fi. 

Lean. 

& 

Sau. 

Great. 

:k 

Ta, 

Small. 

'i^ 

Siau. 

Beautiful . 

* 

Mei. 

Wonderful. 

ttJ^f 

Chuki.. 

Strange. 

*M 

Ku  kwiii. 

Very  good. 


:M  i'^j-B  kTi~\'  :^  &  \     Tai  hau,  shin  hau,  shi  fan  hau. 


70 


Admirable. 

V» 

Shin  miau. 

Excellent. 

m» 

Ki  miau. 

Dear. 

A 

Kwei. 

Dearer. 

A* 

Kang  kwei. 

Dearest. 

¥* 

Chi  kwei. 

Fat. 

BE  6^ 

Fi  ti. 

Fatter. 

SKfi^ 

Kang  fi  ti. 

Fattest. 

¥  HE  fi^ 

Chi  fi  ti. 

A  sage. 

¥ 

Shing. 

The  greatest  of  sages. 

Chi  shing. 

71 


High. 

WA^ 

Kau  tf. 

Low. 

T  ^ilM  ^ 

Ilia  ti,  yai  ti. 

Long. 

ft^^ 

Chang  ti. 

Short. 

m^i) 

Twan  ti. 

A  good  man. 

-  ^  »  ^^  A 

Yi  kohauti  jin. 

A  bad  boy. 

-  ^  :^  » U^  i 

1^ 

Yi  ko  pu  hau  ti  tung  tsz' 

A  fat  cow. 

r  154/  ^-  -t 

Fi  ti  niii  mu. 

A  lean  dog. 

ft6^:fe 

Sau  tikiuen. 

A  large  house. 

:^fi^MT 

Ta  ti  fang  tsz'. 

A  small  purse. 

'J>  fi^  ^.t  ^ 

Siau  ti  ho  pau. 

72 


A  beautiful  flower. 

A  wonderful  thing. 

A  strange  affair. 

A  high  tree. 

A  low  roof. 

A  long  table. 

A  short  stick. 

A  very  good  business. 

An  excellent  work. 

A  lovely  child. 

A  great  man. 

A  little  woman. 


tti  if  ^^  >|{  H 
i*r  f?  64;  *  f fi 


tWj 


64;  It 


Tii^^lt 

-.a  i§  ^  ? 

m.  6§  s 

s  ff  fi^  * 

« ^^  i^  I  ^ 

hT  S- 13^  ^  ?- 

■kK 

■>'K 

Yi  to  mei  hw;i . 


Chu  ki  ti  tung  si. 
Ku  kwai  ti  sz'  tsing. 


Rauti  shu. 
Ilia  ti  u  pei. 
Chang  ti  choh  tsz' . 
Tvvan  ti  kwan. 
Shin  hail  ti  sz'. 
Shin  miaii  ti  kung  fu . 
Ko  ngai  ti  'rh  tsz'. 
Tajin. 
Siuu  nil. 


73 


A  high  tree. 


A  low  house. 
The  best  thing. 

I  have  an  excellent  work. 


Thou  hast  and  admirable  thing. 


He  has  the  dearest  horse. 
Our  cow  is  fat. 
Your  cow  is  fatter. 


m  ^^  M  "f 

ft  ^  i(?  «  M 


f  *  ^  -  ^  li  ^^  >^ 

m  t  M  *  64;  ^ 
$c  ffl  64/  ^  #  HE 
1/t  fli  ^+  «  ft  Ik  m 


Kau  ti  shu. 
Yai  ti  fang  tsz'. 
Shi  fan  hau  tung  si. 


Wo  yu  yi  ko  shin  mian  ti 

kung  fu. 

Ni  yii  yi  ko  ki  niiau  tung 

si. 

Ta  yii  chi  kwei  ti  ma . 

Wo  mun  ti  nii'i  mu  fi. 

Ni  mun  ti  niii  mu  pi  wo 


74 


Their  cow  is  the  fattest. 

«   III  western  lands    there   are 


«  The  greatest  of  sages  is  Con- 
fucius *  » 


in  ii^  M  E 

#  1PI  ^  #  S  )3£ 


rnun  ti  ks'ing  fi. 

Ta  mun  niu  mu  chi  fi. 


Si  fi'tng  yu  sliingjin. 


Chi  shing  Rung  fu. 


But. 

mm 

Only. 

BM 

This  is  better  than  that. 

ihb  ifc  tt  if 

I  have  only  a  little  tea. 

p-^-m^^ 

•  Cung  fu,  sometimes  called  Kung-{u-ts:' 

,  latinized  by  the  missionaries  into  Confucius 

Tau  ti. 

Chi,  tan. 

Tsz'  pi  pei  hau. 

Chi  yu  yi  sie  cha. 


to 


You  are  working,  only  he  is  idle. 

Money  is  good,  but  humanity 
and  honor  arc  better. 


■f*  #  I  *  -fH  iii  ti 

Ni  tsoh  kung  fu  tan  ta  tan 

BS 

hien. 

^^&3&^*. 

Kin  shi  hau  tau  ti  jin  kwei 

W.& 

kang  hau. 

76 

NUMERALS. 

I 

One. 

2 

Two. 

3 

Three. 

4 

Four. 

5 

Five. 

6 

Six. 

7 

Seven, 

8 

Eight. 

9     Nine. 


0 


-b 
A 


m  s  "^ 


Sii  mil  tsz'. 


Yi. 

'Rh. 

San. 

Sz'. 

Wu. 

Li'i. 

Tsi. 

Pah. 

Kill. 


•u 


BRA  ^;  y   ^-^ 


UWIVERSITT  j 


77 


lO 

Ten. 

+ 

II 

Eleven. 

+  - 

12 

Twelve. 

+  - 

i3 

1 

Thirteen. 

+  = 

i4 

Fourteen. 

+  13 

i5 

Fifteen 

+  E 

iG 

Sixteen . 

+  i^ 

'7 

Seventeen. 

+  -b 

i8 

Eigthteen. 

+  A 

'9 

Nineteen. 

+  ^ 

20 

Twenty. 

.1  + 

21 

Twenty  one. 

_  + 

78 


22  Twenty  two. 

23  Twenty  three. 
^4  Twenty  four. 

25  Twenty  five. 

26  Twenty  six. 

27  Twenty  seven. 

28  Twenty  eight. 

29  Twenty  nine. 

30  Thirty. 

3 1  Thirty  one. 
3a  Thirty  two. 
33  Thirty  three. 


i:  +  r 

::  +  H 
n  +  E 
z:  +  :^ 
i:  +  -i: 
::  + A 
r  +  ^L 

H  +  z: 

H  +  H 


'Rh  shi  'rh. 
'Rh  shi  san. 
'Rhshi  sz'. 
'Rh  shiwu. 
'Rh  shi  lii. 
'Rh  shi  tsi. 
'Rh  shi  pah. 
'Rh  shi  kill. 
San  shi. 
San  shi  yi. 
San  shi  'rh. 
San  shi  san. 


79 


34 

Thirty  four. 

=  +  0 

35 

Thirty  five. 

=   +iL 

36 

Thirty  six. 

=.  +  i^ 

37 

Thirty  seven. 

-  +  -b 

38 

Thirty  eight. 

H  +  A 

39 

Thirty  nine. 

^  +  A 

4o 

Forty. 

0  + 

5o 

Fifty. 

iL  + 

6o 

Sixty. 

i^  + 

70 

Seventy. 

-fc  + 

80 

Eighty. 

A  + 

90 

Ninety. 

A  + 

San  shi  sz'. 
San  shiwu. 
Saiishi  lu. 
San  shI  tsi. 
San  shi  pah. 
San  shi  kiu. 
Sz'  shi. 
Wu  shi. 
Lu  shi. 
Tsi  shi. 
Pah  shi. 
Kiu  shi. 


80 


9' 

Ninety  one. 

/L  + 

92 

Ninety  two. 

fh  + 

93 

Ninety  three. 

A  + 

lOO 

One  hundred. 

~B 

lOI 

One  hundred  one. 

-B 

102 

One  hundred  two. 

-H 

200 

Two  hundred. 

.=1 

3oo 

Three  hundred. 

=  e 

i,ooo 

One  thousand. 

-^ 

lOjOOO 

Ten  thousand. 

-m 

100,000 

Onehundred  thousand 

+  s 

1,000,000 

One  milhon. 

—  H 

Kill  shi  VI. 
Rill  shi  'rh. 
Kill  shi  san. 
Yipe. 
Yi  pe  yi. 
Yi  pe  'rh. 
'Rh  pe. 
San  pe. 
Yi  tsien. 
Yi  wan. 
Shi  wan. 
Yi  pe  wan. 


81 


10,000,000     Ten  millions. 


-1*    +-♦- 

-^  ^  m 


Yi  tsien  wan. 


First. 

Second. 

Third. 

Fourth. 

Fifth. 

Sixth. 

Seventh. 

Eigth. 

Ninth. 


Si 

— ' 

M 

#; 

.^ . 

'«  'H 

« 

iL 

^A- 
^ 

1 . 

~-i 

A 

«yL 


Ti  yi. 
Ti  'rh. 
Ti  san. 
Ti  sz'. 
Tiwu. 
Ti  hi. 
Ti  tsi. 
Ti  pah. 
Ti  kill. 


11 


82 


Tenth. 

Eleventh. 

Twelveth. 

Thirteenth. 

Fourteenth. 

Fifteenth. 

Sixteenth. 

Seventeenth. 

Eighteenth. 

Nineteenth. 

Twentieth. 

Twenty  first. 


M  + 

Ti  sht 

«  +  - 

Ti  shi  yi. 

«  +  - 

Ti  shi  'rh. 

M+~  . 

Ti  shi san . 

M+  ^ 

Ti  shi  sz'. 

«  +  E 

Ti  shi  wu. 

Ti  shi  hi. 

«  +  -t 

Ti  shi  Isi. 

M  +  A 

Ti  shi  pah. 

n  +  fu 

Ti  shi  kiu. 

«-  + 

Ti  'rh  shi. 

«-  +  - 

Ti  'rh  shi  yi 

:>v^ 

83 


Twenty  second. 

Twenty  third. 

Twenty  fourth. 

Twenty  fifth. 

Thirtieth. 

Fortieth. 

Fiftieth. 

Sixtieth. 

Sventielh 

Eightieth. 

Ninetieth. 

Hundredth. 


«"  + 

Ti  'rh  shi  'rh. 

M-  +  - 

Ti  'rh  shi  san. 

M     +  ^ 

Ti  'rh  shisz'. 

m      T  i. 

Ti  'rh  shi  wti 

M-  + 

Ti  san  shi. 

nn  + 

Ti  sz'  shi. 

^A  -r"     r 

Ti  wu  shi. 

ll^  + 

Ti  lu  shi. 

«-b  + 

Ti  tsi  shi. 

«A  + 

Ti  pah  shi. 

«/L  + 

Ti  kiu  shi. 

«-H 

Ti  yi  pe. 

84 


Hundred  and  first. 
Hundred  and  second. 
Hundred  and  third. 
Thousandth. 
MilUonth. 

FRACTIONS. 

Half. 

Third. 

Fourth,  quarter. 

Fifth. 

Sixth. 

Double. 


w- 

Ti  yi  pe  yi. 

Ff    . 

Ti  yi  pe  'rh. 

3  - 

Ti  yi  pe  san. 

^ 

Ti  yi  tsien. 

HS; 

Ti  yi  pe  wan. 

Pwan. 
Ti  san. 

0^ 

^- 

Ti  sz',  sz'  fan  chi  yi 
Ti  wu. 
Tilu. 
Shwang,  liang. 

85 


Treble. 
Four  fold. 
Five  fold. 
Six  fold. 
Seven  fold. 
Eight  fold. 
Nine  fold. 
Ten  fold. 
Eleven  fold. 
Twelve  fold. 
Thirteen  fold. 
Fourteen  fold. 


=  -(§ 

B-fg 

iLii 

i^i^ 

-b# 

A-f§ 

il^^ 

+  -fS 

+  --f§ 

+      -f§ 

+  -ii 

+  \ai^ 

San  pel. 
Sz'  pei. 
Wu  pei. 
Lu  pel. 
Tsi  pei. 
Pah  pel. 
Riu  pei. 
Shi  pel. 
Shi  yi  pei. 
Shi  'rh  pel. 
Shi  san  pei. 
Shi  sz'  pei. 


86 


Twenty  fold. 


+  ^S 


'Rhshi  pei. 


Not  much ,  not  many. 

%^ 

Pu  to. 

Little,  few. 

'P 

Shau. 

A  few. 

^  ~  ■i-,^^'^ 

'Rh  san  ko,  sz'  wu  ko 

A  few  friends. 

-A-mM 

'Rhsankopangyi'i. 

A  few  dollars. 

"■  -h,  ^  fg  ?■ 

Sz'  wu  ko  yiii  tsz'. 

How  much. 

iS^ 

Kito. 

How  many. 

0P 

To  shau. 

About,  more  or  less. 

KT 

Shang  hia. 

Above,  high. 

± 

Shang. 

91 


Under ,  be  low. 
Only. 
But,  only. 
Not  only,  but. 


Year. 

Moon,  month. 

Sun ,  day. 

Night. 

Volume. 

Chapter. 


T 

Hia. 

H^^S 

Chi,  pukwo. 

ffl 

Tan. 

r^i^n 

Pu  tan  hwan. 

^»^ 

Nien,sui. 

n 

Yue. 

BJt 

Ji,  tien. 

^ 

Ye. 

# 

Kiuen. 

In 

Hwui. 

88 


Door. 

n 

Mun. 

Window. 

m 

Chwftng. 

The  present  month. 

t-n 

Pan  yue. 

This  year. 

^^ 

Kin  nien. 

To  day. 

4^H,4X 

Kin  ji,  kin  tien. 

To  night. 

■4-  Sc 

Kin  ye. 

I  have  much  gold. 

W^^^ 

Wu  yi'i  to  kin. 

Thou  hast  not  much  silver. 

ii^^i:^ 

|g 

Ni  yu  pu  to  yin. 

He  has  little  money. 

*  *  'P  f  i 

Ta  yii  shau  tsien. 

We  have  a  few  dollars. 

fft  -fPI  ^  0  E  -fS  |g 

Wo  mun  yu  sz'  wu  ko  yin 

89 


You  have  a  few  friends. 

How  much  have  they. 

How  many  dollars  have  you. 

I  have  more  or  less  twenty  five 

dollars. 
Thou  hast  only  fifteen. 

But  he  has  three  hundred  and 

thirty  three  dollars. 
Who  has  fifty  five  dollars. 


1=1 


F  ±  T  ^f  H  +  E 

/j>  ^  ai  ^  +  E IM 

iij  iK  tt  *  H  H  H 
+  H  4-  fe  ^ 
IS  ^  E  +  E  ^  m 


tsz  . 

Ni  mun  yu  'rh  san  ko  pang 

}'"• 

Ta  mun  yu  ki  to. 

Ni  yu  to  shau  yin  tsz'. 

Wu  shang  hia  yu  'rh  shi  wu 

ko  yin  tsz'. 

Ni  pu  kwo  yu  shi  wu  yin 

tsz'. 

Tail  ti  ta  yii  san  pe  san 

shi  san  ko  yin  tsz'. 

Shui  yu  wu  shi  wu  ko  yin 

12 


90 


I  have  only  fifteen . 

The  bookseller  has  about  one 
hundred  and  fifty  thousand 
books. 

Has  the  merchant  a  million  of 
dollars. 

He  has  only  six  hiuidred  seventy 
seven  thousand  seven  hundred 
and  seventeen  dollars. 

The  year  one  thousand  eight 
hundred  and  fifty  three  of  the 
christian  era. 

The  first  year. 


^Ic- :?:  M  ^  +  E 
«  S^  ±  T  ^f  +  E 

J^^  ^  :^  +  'b  S  \i 

5P  ®  fi  -  ^  A  H 

^  -^  ^ 


tsz. 

Wo  pu  kwo  yii  shi  \vu. 

Shu  ke  shang  hia  yu  shi  wu 

wan  shu. 

Shangjin  yii  pe  wan  yin  tsz 

niu  yu. 

Chi  yu  hi  shi  tsi  wan  tsf 

tsien  tsi  pe  shi  tsi  yuen. 

Ye  su  kiau  yi  tsien  pah  pe 
wu  shi  san  nien. 

Ti  yi  nien. 


91 


I  am  eightv  seven  vears  old. 
Thou  art  thirty  three  years  old. 

The  great  army  numbers  one 
hundred  and  fifty  five  thou- 
sand soldiers,  twenty  thou- 
sand horses,  and  five  hunded 
vessels. 


Onehundred  men  foughtagainst 


one  thousand. 


c  ^  A  +  -(::  Js 
^*  ^  H  +  H  ^ 

H  a  ^J  :ft  E  S  ft 

m 

^A 


W6  slii  pah  shi  tsi  sui. 

Ni  shi  san  shi  «an  sui. 

Ta  ping  nui  yii  yi  shi  wu 

wan  wu  shi  wu  tsien  ping  ting, 

'rh  wan  ma  ping  wu  pe  ping 

chuen . 

Yi  pe  jin  to  chang  liau  yi 

tsien  jin. 


Army. 
Man-of-war. 


ft 


Ping. 


Ping  chuen. 


92 


Christian  era. 

Fight. 

Study. 

Industry. 

Village. 

Wisdom. 

Wealth. 


In  this  village  there  are  one 
thousand  five  hundred  se- 
venty seven  souls. 

Your  letter  ( is  dated)  the  first 


m  It  i^  ^  --  ^  E 
1*  64;  miw:^n  p}\ 


Ye  su  kiau. 
Ta  chang. 
Nien  shu. 


Yung  kin  li. 


Tsun . 

Chi. 

Tsaipe. 


Che  tsun  nui  yii  yi  tsien  wu 
pe  tsi  shi  tsi  jin. 

Ni  ti  shu  sien  pan  yue  so 


93 


of  this  month  one  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  fifty  three. 
Our    friend    will    arrive    next 
month. 

The  second  door  of  the  third 
house. 

The  tendi  chapter  of  the  fifth 
volume. 

The  seventh  day. 

The  twelfeth  month. 

The  seventieth  year. 

The  hight  of  this  house  is  dou- 


El  -  ^  A  W  E  + 
«  H  1  ^  S^  H  H 


M  +  ZLM 


iibm=f  itwrn^f 


ji  yi  tsien  p;ih  pe  wu  shi 
san  nien. 

Lai  yue  wo  mun  ti  pang  yu 
tsiu  liii. 

Ti  san  u  tsz'  ti  ti  'rh 
mun. 

Kiuen  chi  ti  wu  ti  shi  hwui. 

Ti  tsi  tien. 

Ti  shi  'rh  yue. 

Ti  tsi  shi  nien. 

Tsz'  u  tsz'  pi  na  u  tsz' 


94 


ble  that  of  the  other . 
I  have  been  twice  to  his  house. 


Your   hong    was    burnt    three 
times. 


If  you  study  your  wisdom  will 

increase  ten  fold. 

If  you  are  industrious  your 
wealth  will  increase  a  hundred 
fold. 


*p  ffi  fi  m 

j*  ^  ffl  m  t!  It  ^ 

*  -  S  iS 


kia  Hang  pei  kau. 

Wo  shwang  pei  kii  liau  ta  u 

tsz'. 

Ni  ti  hang  shau  liau  san  pei. 

Ni  joli  nien  shu  wei  chi  che 
shi  pei. 

Nijoh  yungkin  lih  tsai  pe 
kia  yi  pe  pei. 


93 


n 


To  be. 
I  am. 
Thou  art. 
lie  is. 
We  are. 
You  are. 
They  are. 
There  is. 
There  are. 


Shi,  hi,  wei,  tsiii. 

Wo  shi. 

Ni  shi. 

Ta  shi. 

Wo  mun  shi. 

Ni  mun  shi. 

Ta  mun  shi. 

Yii. 

Yii. 


90 


Right. 
Wrong. 


Architect. 

Artisan. 

Baker. 

Barber. 

Blacksmith. 

Bookbinder. 

Cobbler. 

Goldsmith. 


«I3^ 

Shi  ti. 

-p;  s  fi^.# 

Pii  shi  ti,  fi. 

Tl^f, 

Kung  tsiang. 

Tf1:# 

Rung  tsoh  che. 

fri  an  ill!  n 

Mwan  tan  sz'  fu. 

m  fip,  ri  « 

Ti  tail  sz'  fii . 

■7  m  >T 

Ta  tie  tsiimg. 

IT»fc 

Ting  shii  tsiang. 

III  m  m  n 

Piih  hiai  sz'  fu. 

^H  |£ 

Kin  ki  tsianj. 

97 


Innkeeper, 

Jeweller. 

Joiner. 

Lapidary. 

Mason. 

Mnsician. 

Painter. 

Pedlar. 

Printer. 

Saddler. 

Shipwright. 

Tailor. 


3l  S5  E 

*E 

5E 

H  *  Flifi  ft 

^k  ng  m  fl 


ta 


n  m  E 
^  15  to  # 
^  m  to  « 
^  li  to  m 


Tien  chu. 

Yu  ki  tsiang. 

Mil  tsiang. 

Shi  tsiang. 

Ni  shi'ii  sz'  fi'i. 

Chili  chang  sz'  fii. 

Ilwa  tsiang. 

Fan  tsz'- 

Yin  shwa  tsiang.     , 

Ma  an  sz'  fi'i 

Chwang  chuen  sz'  fii. 

Tsai  fnng  sz'  fii. 


98 


Watchmaker. 

m  ^ 

Weaver. 

mix 

Workman. 

XA 

I  am  an  architect. 

tfe  S  T  'r. 

Thou  art  an  artisan. 

1*  S  I  #  # 

He  is  a  bnker. 

ik  a  M  m  asi  rifl  #- 

We  are  barbers. 

Hk  f\  ^  m  m  iiii  n 

You  are  l)laksmiths. 

\%  f\  %  n  ii  u  n 

They  are  bookbinders. 

\\\  f "  a  IT  «  E 

Piau  tsiiing. 
Ki  nil. 
Rung  j in. 


Wo  shi  kung  tsiang. 
Ni  shi  kung  tsoh  che. 
Til  shi  tso  mwan  t;'iu  sz'  fi'i. 
Wo  mun  shi  ti  tau  sz'  fi'i. 
Ni  mun  shi  ta  tie  sz'  fu. 
Ta  mun  shi  ting  shu  tsiang. 


99 


I  was  a  cobbler. 
Thou  wast  a  goldsmith. 
He  was  an  innkeeper. 
We  were  jewellers. 

You  were  joiners. 
They  were  lapidaries. 
I  shall  he  a  mason. 
You  will  be  a  musician. 

lie  will  be  a  painter. 


^  ^  n  m  f  i 

*  «  m  « IS 


^w^n 


W    IVf 


-fill  -fn  i5ii  *  ^ 
tfe  si  ®  m  * 

1*  )lf  *  ii  ^X 

n 

-fi  'ft  ?fe  ®  -1 

4 


u  n 

Jr 

^^^ 

di  ^^ 

Tie  E 

-6    ^ 

fiil!« 

^M  fim 

R^^ 

Wo  sien  wei  pu  hiai  sz  fu 

Ni  tsien  shi  wei  kin  tsiang, 

Ta  tsung  tsien  tso  tien  chu  ti. 

Wo  mun  sien  shi  wei  yu  ki 

sz'  fu. 

Nimun  tsungtsien  weimulsiang 

Ta  mun  hiang  lai  shi  shi  tsiang. 

Wo  tsiu  wei  ni  shui  sz'  fu. 

Ni  tsiang  lai  tso  chui  chang  sz' 

fii. 


Ta  liau  lai  wei  hwah  tsiang  sien 


sang. 


IQO 


We  shall  be  pedlars. 

a.  in  %  *  ®  PS  T- 

You  will  be  printers. 

1*  ^^  ft  %  n  %\  a 

They  will  be  saddlers. 

m  in  \k%%^  %t 

u  % 

Let  me  be  shipwright. 

it  ife  ^t  SI  «iy  jf 

Be  thou  a  tailor. 

m  \%  %  «  m  Bill  # 

Let  him  be  a  watchmaker. 

r^  111  %  lk  h- 

Let  us  be  weavers. 

« ^fe  f\  w  m  "ffi  Urn 

n 

Be  ye  workmen. 

m  \%  in  t;  ±  A 

Let  them  be  architects. 

It  1  n  «>  ±  'r 

,  There  is  an  artisan . 

*  -  4-  T  #  # 

W6  mun  tsiang  lai  wei  fan  tsz'. 
Ni  mun  tsiu  mei  yin  shwah  tsiang 
Ta  mun  hau  lai  wei  ma  an 
sz'  fii. 

Hii  wo  wei  chwang  chuen  tsiang 
Tsing  ni  tso  tsai  fung  sz'  fu. 
Hii  ta  wei  piau  tsiang. 
Tang  wo  mini  tso  ki  pu  sz 
fii. 

Tsing  ni  mun  Avei  kungjin. 
Hii  ta  mun  wei  kung  tsiang. 
Yu  yi  ko  kung  tsoh  che. 


l()l 


There  are  bakers. 
I  am  right. 
Thou  art  wrong. 
We  are  right. 
You  are  Avrong. 


This  place. 
Here. 

There 
Where. 


^lial 


1*:K^ 


« 


mn 


■f*  fl»i  ^  « fi^ 


Pii 


Yii  mwan  tau  sz'  fu. 
Wo  shi. 
Ni  pu  shi. 
Wo  mun  shi  ti. 
Ni  mun  pu  shi  ti. 


Tsz'  chu. 

Tsai  tsz'  chu,  tsai  che  h',  tsai 

che  pien. 

Na  h. 

Ho  chu,  ho  pien. 


102 


Then. 

When. 

Whence. 


Come. 

Go. 

Arrive  at. 

Return. 

Go  out. 

Enter,  come  in. 


m,-^ 

Tsai,  fang. 

ii  Bf  .fg  a# 

Ri  shi,  ho  shi. 

«  W 11 

Tsung  na  H. 

* 

Lai. 

* 

Ru. 

SJiJ 

Chi,  tau. 

11 

Hwui. 

tii* 

Chu  kii. 

A*.M* 

Ji,  kii  chin  lai. 

103 


I  am  here. 

Sft  lib 

Thou  art  in  thy  garden. 

f*  ft  1*  i4(  ^ 

He  his  not  at  home. 

f  i  ^N  ft  * 

We  arrive  here. 

^k  f\  m  lib 

You  return  home. 

#  ff  in  * 

They  go  out. 

ft  ffl  ffi  * 

There  is  a  man  coming  in. 

HAmm 

There  are  men  going  out. 

tAm* 

This  is  my  horse. 

Mm^^^M 

That  is  thy  book. 

W  *  *  i*  114; 

Which  one  is  his. 

w  m  ^  m  e^ 

It  is  a  wonderful  business. 

«  *  ti  fi§  * 

ea 


Wu  tsai  tsz'. 
Ni  tsai  ni  ti  hwa  yuen. 
Ta  pu  tsai  kia. 
Wo  mun  tau  tsz'. 
Ni  mun  hwui  kia. 
Ta  mun  chu  kii. 
Yu  jin  chin  hii. 
Yii'jin  chu  kii. 
Che  ko  wu  ti  mii. 
Na  pan  shi  ni  ti  shu. 
Na  ko  shi  ta  ti. 
Shi  ku  kwai  ti  sz'. 


104 


What  is  this. 

aa^ltJS 

Che  shi  she  mo. 

Where  art  thou. 

-f*  ft  M  m 

Ni  tsai  na  li. 

He  is  here. 

ft  -fcitbrt 

Ta  tsiii  tsz'  chu. 

We  are  there. 

^Mn  ft  m 

M 

Wo  mun  tsai  che  pien 

Where  are  you. 

1*  in  ft  ii 

^& 

Ni  mun  tsai  pien  chu. 

In  what  place  are  they. 

• 

ffi  ^n  ft  f If  ^ 

Ta  raun  tsai  ho  chu. 

Yesterday. 

^^  B.Bl^X 

Tsoh  ji,  tsoh  tien. 

Day  before  yesterday. 

U  0.1!  X 

Tsien  ji,  tsien  tien. 

Yesternight. 

H*« 

Tsoh  ye. 

Last  year. 

W^ 

Tsoh  nien . 

105 


To  morrow. 
Next  day. 
Next  month. 
Next  year. 


I  was  here  yesterday. 

When  I  arrived   you  were  not 
at  home. 

When  he  came  I  was  on  board 
the  ship. 


When  we  went  away  you  were 
here. 


01^  H  ic'  ft  ^  II 

ft  *  ^  H$  ^  11  ft 


is 


Ik  in  *  ^  0f  j*  m 

ft  mM 


Ming  ji,  ming  tien. 
Laiji. 
Lai  yue. 
Ldi  nien. 


Tsoh  ji  wo  tsai  ch6  li. 

Wo  lai  Uau  ni  pu  tsai  kiS. 

Ta  lai  chi  shi  wo  tsai  tsai 

chuen. 

Wo  mun  kii  chi  shi  ni  mun 

tsdi  che  li. 

14 


106 


Last    night   you    were    not    at 

home. 
When   tliey  returned  we  were 

gone  out. 
To  morrow  I  shall  be  at  home. 

Next  year  thou  wilt  be  in  Cali- 
fornia (golden  land). 

To  night  he  will  be  in  his  library. 

Next  day  we  shall  be  busy. 

When  you  will  come  you  will 
be  hungry. 

Whe  they  will  go  out  they  will 


inmm^  Ik  in  m 

*  ^  #  ;^  4  ^  111 
^  m  *  ft  « fl^  « 

^  B  ^  m  *  * 

^*  m  *  m  Hi  IS 
m  m  m  n  $]t  ^  ^ 


Tsoh  ye  ni  mun  pu  tsai  kia. 
Ta  miui  hwui  lai  wo  mun  tsai 
chu  kii  h'au. 
Ming  tien  wo  tsii'i  tsai  kia. 

Lai  nien  ni  fang  tsai  Kin  shan. 

Kin  wan  ta  tsai  ta  ti  shu 

fting. 

Lai  ji  wo  mun  yii  sz'. 

Ni  mun  lai  tsai  tii  ngo. 
Ta  mun  chu  wai  tsiii  yii  shi 


107 


be  wrong. 

$Y 

fi. 

Let  me  be  at  homo. 

Wxik^m 

Shang  wo  tsai  Ida. 

Go  out. 

m  ^^  {±1  * 

Tsing  ni  chu  kii. 

Let  him  come  in. 

if  *  M  * 

Hii  ta  chin  lai. 

Old. 

^ 

La  11. 

Honest. 

^m 

Lau  shi. 

Polite. 

^  M  fi^ 

Yu  li  ti. 

Young. 

^  p  ^^ 

Nien  shau  ti. 

Strong. 

^jj 

Yu  h. 

Brave. 

±m 

Ta  tan. 

108 


Intelligent. 

m 

m 

Tsung  ming. 

Rich. 

mi 

Fu. 

Honorable. 

Rwei. 

Poor. 

^ 

- 

Pin. 

Weak. 

:^m 

Wii  li  ti. 

Imprudent. 

4¥ 

^f 

Wii  ki  tan. 

Glad. 

m 

«" 

Ki  kwan. 

Generous. 

m^ 

Hiung  jin. 

Idle. 

^ 

m 

Tan  hien. 

Happy. 

mm^^ 

Nah  fu  ti. 

109 


Busy. 

Tired. 

Shut. 

Obedient. 

Sorry. 

Augiy. 


If 


Yii  sz'. 

Kiuen. 

Pel. 

Ting  ming. 

Pu  yue. 

Nil  liau. 


Am  Ian  old  man. 

Art  thou  an  honest  merchant. 

Is  he  a  pohte  gentleman. 


C  ^  ^  A  ^  ^ 

1*  rl  t:  5&  e^  g-  A 

m  ^  1}  m  ^i}  ^  r^ 


Wo  shi  lau  jin  pu  shi. 
Ni  shi  hiu  shi  ti  shang  jin 
pu  shi. 
Ta  shi  yu  U  ti  ke  pu 


110 


M 

• 

shi. 

Are  we  young. 

^^m 

^^'J'-^^T^ 

Wo  mun  shi  nien  shai'i  ti  pu 

^ 

shi. 

Are  you  strong  sailors. 

^^ffl 

*  *  ;^  fi^  * 

Ni  mun  shi  yu  li  ti  shui 

f-r^ 

^ 

shau  pushi. 

Are  they  brave  soldiers. 

mm 

^  A  Bf  fi^  ft 

Ta  mun  shi  ta  tan  ti  ping 

T^ 

* 

ting  pu  shi. 

Was  I  glad. 

a-« 

«  #  ly  ^  ^^ 

Wo  shin  shi  ki  kwan  ti  pu 

* 

shi. 

Wast  ihou  generous. 

^*lt 

B*  1;  B^  A  ^ 

Ni  tsien  shi  hiung  jin  pu  shi 

Was  he  idle. 

it  -ft-  H  X  ft 

Ta  tsung  tsien  tan  hien  pu  s 

Ill 


Weie  vre  happy. 

^  ffl  m  Is  ^^  A. 

W6  mun  nah  fu  pu  shi. 

Were  you  busy. 

'f*r  ^^mn^ 

Ni  mun  yu  sz'  mu  yu. 

Were  they  tired. 

«1"  S#^1i 

Ta  mun  shi  kiuen  pu  kiuen. 

Was  I  here  yesterday . 

^k  \^i^X^m  m  -^^ 

Wo  tsoh  tien  tsai  che  h  pu 

ft 

tsai. 

Wast  thou  at  home  when  I  came. 

m^zmi^^^m 

Wo  hU  chi  shi  ni  tsai  kia 

r-^ 

pu  tsai. 

Was  I  on  board  the  ship  when 

m^zm^jj'^ 

Ta  lai  chi  shi  wo  fang  tsai 

he  arrived. 

m±r-^ 

chuen  shang  pu  tsai. 

Were  you  here  when  we  went 

ikin^z  m  ^*  ffl 

Wo  mun  kii  chi  shi  ni  mun 

away. 

ft  g  IS  ^  ft 

tsai  che  U  pu  tsai. 

Were  you  at  home  hist  night. 

H1?  ^  tt  miEmr^ 

Tsoh  ye  ni  mini  tsai  kia  pu 

112 


Were  you  out  when  they  retur- 
ned. 
Shall  I  shut  the  door. 
Wilt  thou  be  obedient. 
Will  he  be  sorry. 
Shall  we  be  angry. 
Will  you  be  rich. 

Will  they  be  weak. 


m  m  r'\Tm 


4 

«  ffl  0  ^  #  -fn  m 

fefl 
1*  u  * 

m  in  m 
i*  in » 


ii^:?:ffi 


ti  Z  \t 

tig.  *z  X  *t 
jiii>  jiii"  -n»  «ii* 


* 


*-»^   .tfe. 


eel 


^ 


::K 


m>  M. 


mm'ii^m:fi  ^^ 


tsai. 

Ta  mun  hwui  lai  ni  mun  chu 

kii  liau  mo. 

Wu  tsiu  pei  mun  pu  pei. 

Ni  tsiang  lai  ting  ming  pu  ting. 

Ta  hau  lai  yue  pu  yue. 

Wo  mun  tsiu  fan  ni'i  pu  nu. 

Ni  mun  tsiang  lai  fu  kwei  pu 

fu  kwei. 

Ta  mun  hau  lai  wu  li  ti 

mo. 


113 


Where  is  my  horse. 
Whither  doest  thou  go. 
Whence  does  he  come. 
Where  are  the  sailors. 
Whither  do  they  go. 
Where  do  they  come  from. 
When  wilt  thou  come. 
When  will  he  go. 
When  will  they  return. 


Hungry. 


ik  ^§  ^  4  » 111 

ft  i;£  m  m  * 
7k  f-miEW  m 
ft  ffl  m  m  m  * 
ft  in «  M  m  .* 
1*  n  n*  * 

ft  1t  S  nl  * 
ft  in  a  nl  HI  * 


flitt 


Wo  ti  matsai  na  li. 

Ni  na  li  kii. 

Ta  tsung  nali  lai. 

Shui  shau  tang  tsai  na  li. 

Ta  mun  tau  na  li  kii. 

Ta  mun  tsung  na  li  lai. 

Ni  ho  shi  lai. 

Tii  she  mo  shi  kii. 

Ta  mun  ki  shi  hwui  Idi. 


Tii  ngo. 


15 


114 


Thirsty. 

Bad. 

Faithful. 

Strong. 

Innocent. 

Dumb. 

Skillful. 

Bold. 

Blind. 

Young. 

Dexterous. 

Unhappy. 


,©  #  fl^ 


mm 

e^ 

^53 

:km^^ 

Ml 

4f  'p 

fi^ 

i^m 

J^JlH 

Yii  sie  koh. 
Pu  hau  ti. 
Chung  sin  ti. 
Yu  li  ti. 
Wu  tsui  ti. 
Ya. 

Kiau  shau. 
Ta  tan  ti. 
Mang. 

Nien  shau  ti. 
Ki  nang. 
Mufii. 


115 


Sorry. 

Quiet. 

Wounded. 

Greedy. 

Ready. 

Learned. 

Rash. 

Useless. 

Barbarous. 

Guilty. 

Wicked. 


^gJ 


m 

* 

fflTT 

# 

■¥• 

^^ 

']•■  :is 

* 

ffllS^ 

m^i 

^ 

m 

d^ 

Chang  han. 
An  tsing. 
Shang  liau. 
Lan  shi. 
Pi  hia  liau. 
Poh  hioh. 
Pu  siau  sin. 
Wu  yung  ti. 
Ye  ti. 
Yu  tsui. 
Ngoh  ti. 


116 

Am  I  not  hungry. 
Art  thou  not  thirsty. 
Is  he  not  rich. 
Are  we  not  bad. 

Are  you  not  faithful. 

Are  they  not  strong. 

Was  I  not  innocent. 

Wast  thou  not  dumb. 


wr^ 


f  m 


:^^r^ » f\^ 


■f*^n 


«^n 


4*fl 


'T*  .^f  >ivi>  m 

:?:  S  #  S  i§ 


Wu  pu  til  ngo  mo. 

Ni  mu  yu  sie  koh  mo. 

Ta  pu  hi  fu  mo. 

Wo  mun  pu  shi  jiu  hau  ti 

mo. 

Ni  mini  pu  ^ivei  chung  siii  ti 

mo. 

Ta  mun  pu  shi  yu  h  ti 

mo. 

Wu  sien  pu  shi  wu  tsui  ti 

mo. 

Ni  tsien  pu  wei  ya  ti  ino. 


117 


Was  he  not  skillful. 

Were  we  not  bold. 

Were  you  not  blind. 
Were  they  not  young. 

Shall  I  not  be  happy. 
Wilt  thou  not  be  sorry. 

Will  he  not  be  quiet. 


^*  ffl  W  :f  *  S4; 


^  Wl  ^  m  m  ^^  M 
1*  »  *  ^  ti  tg  fi^ 


ft  «  *  :^  * 


^Si- 


Ta  tsung  tsien  pu  kiai'i  shai'i  ti 

mo. 

Wo  mun  sien  pu  ta  tan  ti 

mo. 

Ni  nuiii  tsien  pu  mang  ti  mo. 

Ta  mun  pu  slii  nien  shau  ti 

mo. 

Wu  tsiu  pu  nah  fu  ti  mo. 

Ni  tsu'ing  lai  pu  chang  han  ti 

mo. 

Ta  hau  lai  pu  an  tsing  ti 

mo. 


118 

Shall  we  not  be  wounded. 

m  m  m  T^  \% 

1^ 

Tfl^ 

Wo  mun  tsiii  pu  shang  liau  ti 

Will  you  not  be  greedy. 

1*  ^n  7lf  *  -^^ 

« 

mo. 

Ni  muntsianglai  pu  Ian  shi  mo 

Will  they  not  be  ready. 

It 

\t  ffl  ^i  *  ^Wi  T 

Ta  mun  hau  lai  pu  pi  hia 
liau  mo. 

J  M 

I  come,  go. 

#*      * 

Wo  liii,  kii. 

Thou  comest,  goest. 

1**      * 

Ni  lai,  kii. 

He  comes,  goes. 

**      * 

Ta  lai,  kii 

We  come,  go. 

^ffl*      * 

Wo  mun  lai,  kii. 

You  come,  go. 

'f*  ffl  *      * 

Ni  mun  lai,  kii. 

119 


They  come,  go. 

ft  in* 

* 

I  came,  went. 

«!c  *  r 

*T 

Thou  cameht,  Aventest. 

#  *  7 

*7 

He  came,  went. 

1t!l*T 

*T 

We  came,  went. 

^fe-f"  *T 

*7 

You  came,  went. 

it  11"  *  T 

*T 

They  came,  went. 

iiif  ^  r 

*T 

I  shall  come,  go. 

m  )f  * 

4 

Thou  wilt  come,  go. 

#  )f  * 

* 

He  will  come,  go. 

1t!l  )f-  * 

* 

We  shall  come,  go. 

tfe  in  ;^  * 

4 

You  will  come,  go. 

1*  ir  fc  * 

4 

Ta  mun  lai,  kii. 
Wo  lai  lian,  kii  liau 
Ni  lai  liiiu,  kii  liau. 
Ta  lai  liau,  kii  liau. 
Wo  mun  h'li  liau,  kii  liau. 
Ni  mun  lai  liau,  kii  liau. 
Ta  mun  lai  liau,  kii  liau. 
Wo  tsiang  lai,  kii. 
Ni  tsiang  lai,  kii. 
Ta  tsiang  lai,  ku. 
Wo  mun  fang  lai,  kii. 
Ni  mun  tsiu  lai,  kii. 


120 


They  will  come,  go. 

m  f\  m  * 

* 

Come,  go. 

*      4 

Let  him  come,  go. 

sfiiL^     * 

I,et  us  come,  go. 

it  a-  in  * 

* 

Come  ye,  go  ye. 

-f*  in  &  ^ 

* 

Let  them  come,  go. 

it  nil  in  *. 

* 

To  go  out.  * 

Ili^l' 

To  come  in. 

M* 

To  speak. 

R^  on 

To  rob. 

n^ 

Ta  muii  tsiii  lai,  ku. 

Lai,  kii. 

Ilii  ta  lai,  kii. 

Hii  Avo  mun  lai,  kii. 

Ni  mun  tsi  lai,  kii. 

Hii  ta  mun  lai ,  kii. 


Chu  waf . 
Chin  lai. 
Swohhwa. 
Ta  kie. 


121 


To  wish. 
To  want. 
To  fear. 
To  love. 
To  hate. 
To  lose. 
To  write. 
To  read. 
To  die. 
To  lull. 
To  think. 
To  dare. 


It 

>i2j>  1=1 


MA 


m  —  m 


m 


Y6h. 

Yau. 

Pa. 

Ngai. 

Han. 

Shi. 

Sie. 

Nien  shi'i. 

Sz'. 

Sha  jin. 

Siang  yi  siang. 

Kan. 

]6 


122 


To  teach. 
To  buy . 
Tcrsell. 
To  -barter. 
To  navigate. 
To  attack. 
To  defend. 
To  forbid. 
To  govern. 
To  increase. 
To  diniiuish. 
To  bring. 


'^ 


ttrj 

m 


mm 


Riiiu. 

Mai. 

Mai. 

Ho  hwan  ho. 

Hing  shi'ii  hi. 

Rung. 

Ti  fang. 

Kin  chi. 

Kwan,  chi. 

Tsang,  kia. 

Kien  shau. 

Na  liii. 


123 


To  take  away. 
To  offend. 
To  see. 
To  hear. 
To  inquire. 
To  answer. 
To  copy. 
To  print. 


m 


/{Sif 


E3 


Na  kii. 
Teh  tsui. 
Kun  kien. 
Wan,  ting  kien. 
Cha  wan. 
Tiihying, 
Chau  sie. 
Yin  shij. 


I  go  out. 

Thou  comest  in. 


Wo  chu  wai. 
Ni  chin  ha. 


124 

He  speaks. 
We  rob. 
You  \vish. 
They  want. 
I  feared . 

Thou  didst  love. 
He  hated. 
We  lost. 
You  wrote. 
They  read. 
I  shall  die. 
Thou  wilt  kill. 


m  si  IS 

Ta  shwoh  hwa. 

mnfffe; 

Wo  mun  ta  kie. 

-(*inmsi 

Ni  mun  yuen,  yoh. 

■ft-fn^ 

Ta  mun  yiiu. 

wffl  r 

Wu  pa  liiiu. 

#»T 

Ni  ngai  liau. 

*  tlJ  T 

Ta  han  liau. 

tfeffl^  r 

. 

Wo  mun  shi  liau. 

1*  in  «  T 

*j-, 

^ 

Ni  mun  sie  liau  tsz'. 

« in  if  m 

T 

Tu  mun  tu  shu  liau. 

m  m  ^t 

Wo  Isiu  sz'. 

1*  «  *  ?5 

Ni  han  lui  shah. 

125 


He  will  think. 
We  shall  dare. 
You  will  teach. 
They  will  buy. 


ffe  in  m  m 
i%  f\  m  m  A 

*  11"!  1i  ?fe  H 


Ta  tsiang  lai  siangyi  siang. 
Wo  muu  tsii'i  kail. 
Ni  mun  tsii'i  kiau  jin. 
Ta  mun  hau  lai  mai. 


Do  I  sell. 
Doest  thou  barter. 
Does  he  navigate. 
Do  we  attack. 
Do  you  defend. 
Do  they  forbid. 


i$  IX  m  r^  it 
li  #  *  us :?;  # 

1*  ffi  If  p/j  T^  m  n 
ft  111  *fi  -It  ^  K  Jt 


Wo  inaipu  mai. 

Ni  ho  hwan  pii  ho. 

Ta  liing  shui  hi  pii  hing. 

Wo  mun  kiing  pu  kung. 

Ni  mun  ti  fang  pu  ti  fang. 

Ta  mun  kin  chi  pu  kin  cbi. 


126 

Shall  I  govern. 
Wilt  thou  increase. 
Will  he  diminish. 


Shall  we  bring. 


Will  you  take  away. 

Will  they  offend. 

Let  me  see. 
Hear  thou. 


'p 


ffe  iri  m  w  *  r^  m 


>K 


1*  ir\  m  m  *  r^  m 
m  f\ »  *  II  m  ^ 


nm 


^«  s  «•  IS 


m  1*  ^  M 


Wu  tsii'i  kwan  pu  kwan. 

Ni  tsii'ing  l;'ii  tsang  pu  tsang. 

Ta  hau  lai  kien  shaii  pu  kien 

shau. 

Wo    mun    tsiu    na    l;'ii    pu   iia 

lai. 

Ni   mun  tsiu  na  kii  pu  na 

kii. 

Ta  mun   tsiang  lai  teh  tsui  pu 

tell  tsui. 

Chun  wu  kan  kien. 

Tsing  ni  ting  kien. 


Let  him  inquire. 
Let  us  answer. 

Copy  ye. 

Let  them  print. 


Whither  do  I  go. 

Whence  doest  thou  come. 

Whither  does  he  return. 

When  did  we  arrive. 

When  AviU  you  come. 

At  what  time  will  they  return. 


et «  s  m 
it  tfe  m  %  m 
^*  f  I  m  »  m 
vi  #  in  PP  m 


^  *  m  m 
#  ^f  m  m  * 
«  0  »i^  m 

Ik  f  1  53  uf  i!)  *  T 
^*  111  Si  Hf  * 
«  fH  i\  S  HI «  E 


UWrVERsiTT 

Hii  ta  cha  wan. 
Hii  wo  mun  tiih  ying. 
Ni  mun  tsing  chau  sie. 
Chun  ta  mun  yin  shu. 


127 


Wo  kii  na  li 

Ni  tsung  na  li  h'li. 

Ta  hwui  na  li. 

Wo  mun  ki  shi  tau  lai  hau. 

Ni  mun  ki  shi  lai. 

Ta  mun  she  mo  shi  hau  hwui 


129 


Did  I  not  speak. 
Didst  thou  not  go  out. 
Did  he  not  come  in. 
Did  we  not  rob. 

Did  you  not  kill. 
Did  they  not  die. 


* 


c  ^  nk  eS  M 

^*  ^  to  n  s 

i^  T<  M  *  )S 

t  in  r^  fe  rr  ^  t 


lai. 

Wo  pu  shwoh  hwa  mo. 

Ni  pu  chu  wai  mo. 

Ta  pu  chin  lai  mo. 

Wo  mun  pu  shi  ta  kie  liau 

mo. 

Ni  mun  pu  shi  sha  Hau  mo. 

Ta  mun  pu  shi  sz'  Uau  mo. 


To  do,  to  act. 
Work,  hdjor. 


Ts6,  tsoh,  wei,  hing. 
Kung  fu. 


1-2!) 


Done. 
To  know. 
To  understand. 
To  respect. 
To  profit. 
Must. 
Should. 
Can. 

Perhaps,  may. 
To  Avill. 
Can,  able  to. 
Work. 


«  %  T 

Tso  yuen  Hiiu. 

^P  jI 

Chi  tan. 

m  e 

Ming  pe. 

?» 

Ring. 

llTflJ 

Teh  li. 

4i^i 

Pie  sii. 

'ii  7eM  Sr 

Pie  ting,  ying  tang. 

P|  Hg.«  % 

Ko  nang.,  tso  teh. 

bS  #.pr  J!2 

Ho  che,  ko  i. 

t.^ 

Rang, yau. 

pj.li 

R6,  teh. 

^isT 

Tsoh  kung. 

17 


130 


Take  care. 

Invite. 

Wash. 

Forget. 

Reward. 

Study. 

Pay- 
Lend. 
Leave. 


']'    & 


RP9 

m 

I& 

V: 

m 

m 

^ 

11 

fi 

IS 

T 

Siaii  sin . 


Tsing. 


Si. 

Wang. 
Ki  cliang. 
Til  shu. 
Kiaii  fu. 
Tsie. 
Liau  Ilia. 


To  discover. 


wm 


Cha  chu. 


IBl 


To  paint. 
To  cook. 
To  ask. 
To  seek. 
To  find. 


jsu 


}■  TS 


tt 


Hwa. 
Chii. 
Wan. 
Chau  tsin . 
Cliau  choh. 


Who  dares. 

How  can  you. 

How  great. 

How  wonderful  (strange). 


*ti 


Shui  kan. 
Ni  hi  ko. 
Tatsai. 
Ku  kwai. 


133 

I  do  my  work. 

What  doest  thou. 

Has  he  done  it. 

We  know. 

Do  you  luulerstand. 

Do  they  respect  him. 

Iprofitted. 

Tliou  must  have  gold. 

He  ought  to  know. 

I  can  do  tliis. 

You  cannot  do  that. 

He  may  have  money. 


5«Sfi^T^ ■ 

Wu  tSO  AVU  ll  kiuig  fl'l. 

f*  #  m  * 

Ni  tsoh  ho  sz'. 

iii  #  %  T  ^  «  T 

Ta  tso  yuen  hau  pu  tso  hau. 

tfe  in  P  m 

Wo  mun  chi  tau. 

i^^f\mti^m& 

Ni  mun  mingpe  pu  ming  pe. 

m  in  m  «  r^  m 

Ta  mun  king  ta  pu  king. 

^  #  m  T 

Wu  teh  h  hau. 

1*  &  M  tf  ^ 

Ni  pie  sii  yi'i  kin. 

m  di  ir  P  M 

Ta  ying  tang  chi  tau. 

m  ^  m  % 

Che  ko  ts(')  teh. 

»  A-  \%  %i  T^  # 

Na  ko  ni  tso  pu  teh. 

1i!l  Sz  #  *  11 

Ta  hwoh  che  yn  tsien. 

133 


We  may  come. 

Are  you  willing. 

Must  go,  cannot  but  go. 

Must  die,  cannot  but  die. 

Incomparable. 

Inexpressible. 

Not  feasible. 

Impossible. 


it  T^"  # 
si  ?^  # 

i^  7x  # 


Wo  mini  ko  i  lai. 
Ni  kang  pu  kang, 
Pu  tell  pu  kii. 
Pu  tell  pusz'. 
Pi  pu  tell. 
Sliw(')li  pu  tell. 
Ts(')li  pu  teh. 
Tsoli  pu  teh. 


So. 
How. 


1m  fir 


Jii   tsz'. 
Jii  ho. 


134 

Thus. 

3la  ft 

How  can. 

^  hT 

How  great. 

Af& 

How  can  you  do  so. 

'*  ©  p]-  jf^  j(p  ii-. 

How  can  this  be  so. 

as  -t-  '3   7E  as  11 

If. 

^ 

How  did  he  do  it. 

m  #  Jf  jtn  « 

We  dare  not. 

tte  in  ^  i^ 

How  great  is  Rung  fu  tsz'  (Con- 
fucius). 

?L  *  i^  :^  il 

Che  yang. 
Hi  ko. 
Ta  tsai. 


Ni  hi  ko  tso  jii  tsz'. 

Clie  ko  hi  shi  cheyang. 

Joh. 

Ta  tsoh  hau  jii  ho. 

Wo  mun  hi  kan. 

Rung  fu  tsz'  ta  tsai. 


135 


Take  care  yoii  do  not 

lose  it. 

<l'  ^fr  ^  pT  ^  .2. 

Bring  nie  some  tea. 

«I3^:^* 

Take  away  the  wine. 

^?i* 

Dare  you  strike  me. 

#  m  *T  w 

How  dare  you  kill. 

#  V  i)  ti  m  A 

Ilow  can  you  say  so. 

^*  ^  pj  IS  ®  m  ig 

Do  you  want  to  drink 

a  cup  of 

#  W  «^  -  S  11  T^ 

wine. 

m 

I  want  to  buy  a  wine  cup. 

*s-J»-H-ftJSS 

Siau  sin  pu  ko  shi  chi. 
Na  ti  cha  lai. 
Na  tsiu  kii. 

Ni  kan  ta  wu. 

Ni  mun  hi  kan  shah  jin. 

Ni  hi  ko  shwoh  che  yang  hwa. 

Ni  yau   yin  yi  pei   tsiu  pu 

yau. 

Wu  yau  mai  yi  chi  tsiii  pei. 


136 


MICELLANEOUS  PIIRASES. 


M  hT  is 


tsAh  ku  iiwA. 


If  I  consent. 

If  I  had  money  I  would  buy. 

Can  that  be. 

They  say  you  have  done  that 
thing. 

There  are  men  digging  gold  in 
the  mountains. 

He  is  a  good  man. 

He  is  well. 


mm 


^  A  li  1*  #  m  * 

uj  ±  ^  A  a  ^ 

Idi  il-  A 


Lau  fd  joh  kang. 

J(')h  yu  tsien  tsiii  mai  lai. 

Nan  tau. 

Yi'i  jin  sliwoh  ni  tsoh  na  sz'. 

Shan  shang  yii  jin  tsi'i  kin. 

Ta  hau  jin. 
Ta  hau. 


137 


I    am    comfortable    (  enjoying 
peace). 

Open  the  window. 

Open  the  ombrella. 

Can  be  done. 

It  can  not  be  done. 

Ingratitude. 


Ungrateful. 


Iflhad. 


Country. 
State,  nation. 


1=1 


n  m  %  n 

■er  El  ;*•  * 

)lii>   *Cii>   ^w   '^r 

■t±r  K  A 

iCLi^    iCLi>    /\. 


ii:^ 


Wu  ping  an  ye. 
Ta  kiai  chwang  mun. 
Ta  san. 
Teh  liau. 
Pu  teh  liau. 
Wang  ngan  chi  sz'. 
Wang  ngan  jin. 
Wu  joh  yu. 


Ti  Amg. 


Kwoh. 


J  8 


i33 

Ocean 

River. 

Wind. 

Waves. 

Shore. 

Sand. 

Fisherman. 

Hunter. 


»>i 


llai,  yang 

116. 

Fung. 

Ilai  lang. 

Ngan. 

Sha. 

Yii  f,-.. 

Lie  fii. 

Middle,  central. 
Nation,  country. 


t 


Chung. 
Kwoh. 


139 


Middle  flowery, 
(China). 

centi 

•al 

nation 

t 

f  n 

Chung  hwa,  chungkwoh. 

Honored. 

# 

Tsun. 

Surname. 

m 

Sing. 

Name. 

« 

Ming. 

Language. 

gg 

Hwa. 

Words. 

1=1 

Yen. 

Conversation. 

uW 

Lun  yue. 

What  coimtry  is  he  from. 
I  am  a  Chinese. 


*  /I  ft  ]S  it  Ij'  a 
#ft  S  t  H  A 


Ta  shi  she  mo  li  fang  jin. 
Wo  shi  chung  kwo  jin. 


140 


From  what   province  does   he 
come. 

We  come  from  Kwang-Tiing 

(Canton)  province. 
Are  you  Americans. 

Yes. 

Do  the  Americans  understand 

the  Chinese  language. 
They  do  not. 
Please  to  teach  me  to  speak  en- 

glish. 


m  «  w  «  *  i5^ 

Ta  tsung  na  sang  lai  ti. 

ffe  m «  M^^^ 

Wo  mini  tsung  kwang  tung  sang 

6§ 

l;ii  ti. 

-f*  in  s  1^  *  H 

Ni  mun  shi  hoh  chungkwoh 

A^x  Ji 

jin  pu  shi. 

1: 

Shi. 

-^  *  H  A  ®  Bft  t 

Hoh  chung  kwohjin  tung  hi;'iu 

mmT^m 

chung  kwoh  hwa  putung. 

-^^  M. 

Pu  tung. 

m  i*  n  ^  m  r^  m 

Tsing  ni  kiau  wu  shwoh  Ying- 

mm 

lishi  hwa. 

141 


Most  willingly. 


Hereafter. 

A  little. 

Presently. 

Instantly. 

Always. 

Never. 

Again. 


tf  >(!" 


—  Jit 


Kan  sin. 


Tsiang  lai,  hau  lai. 

Yi  sie. 

Man  man. 

Tsi  kie. 

Shang  shi. 

Tsung  pu. 

Tsai. 


Punishment. 


m 


Hing. 


142 

Inflict  punishment. 

pm 

Injury. 

^ 

Inflict  injury. 

P9 

Confer  a  favor. 

ff  m 

To  listen. 

iim 

It  rains. 

T  nlu 

It  snows. 

rm 

Rain. 

m 

Snow. 

m 

Wind 

m 

It  blows. 

&K 

Kia  hing. 

Hai. 

Kai  hai. 

Ria  ngan 

Ta  ting. 

Ilia  yii. 

Hia  sine. 

Yii. 

Sine. 

Fung. 

Ki  fung. 

143 


Any  where. 

^  pISj 

j||!  11 

Pu  lun  na  li. 

Every  Avhere. 

MM 

Chu  chu 

No  where. 

md\ 

Wu  so. 

Hence. 

@ii 

Tsz  chu. 

Now. 

B  T 

Mu  hi  a. 

To  day. 

^H.*^ 

Kin  ji,  pan  tien. 

Heretofore. 

r^* 

Hiang  h'li. 

Hither  to. 

«* 

Tsung  lai. 

Next  day. 

«x 

Hau  tien. 

Not  yet. 

*!- 

Wi  tsang. 

Henceforth. 

84- 

HIS 

Tsz  kin  i  hau. 

144 


Mo  Sang  gave  to  Jin  Kwei. 

m  t'-.  r  Iti  ^  * 

The  ancients  say. 

*si 

Is  this  thing  so  (Is  it  thus). 

^  mil  4s- 

You  may  do  thus  and  so. 

f*  Pj  %9  lit  *B  jlt 

How  can  this  be  so. 

:t  pJ  -=)  M  »  * 

How  dare  you. 

f*SK 

I  dare  not. 

l^M 

How  is  this  reasonable. 

ji^iHni 

Kung  tsz',  kung  tsz',  how  great 

f  L  ?-  JL  i^  ;^  il  f  L 

is  Kung  tsz'  (Confucius). 

ir 

What  is  his  surname,  which  his 

1i  M; «  « it  *  f- 

name,  where  does  he  dwell. 

miimi} 

Mo  sang  fii  yii  Jin  Kwei. 

Ki'i  shwoh, 

Yii  che  yang  sz'. 

Ni  ko  jii  tsz' jii  tsz'. 

Hi  ko  yii  che  tang  sz*. 

Ni  tsang  kan. 

Pukan. 

Hi  yii  tsz'  li. 

Kung  tsz'  kung  tsz'  ta  tsai  kung 

tsz'. 

Ta  sing  shin  ming  shiii  kia  tsz' 

kii  chu  ho  fang. 


145 


They  had  not  gone  more  than 
forty  or  fifty  //  when  sud- 
denly they  heard  a  crash. 


Give  to. 
Give  me. 
Ancient. 
Thus,  so. 
How. 
Reason. 
Dwell. 
Go. 


^IT^  ±Bh.  +  ^ 


g^#S 


Hing  pu  shang  sz'  wu  shi  li 
hwu  ting  tell  yi  shing. 


Ki,  fii  yii. 

Ki  wo,  fii  yii  wu. 

Ku. 

Jii  tsz',  che  yang. 

Jii  ho,  tsang  mo  yang. 

Li. 

Chi'i,  kii. 

Hing,  tsau. 

19 


116 


Suddenly. 

Sound. 

Deep. 

Together. 

Foot  (ten  cubits). 


t 


|rJ 
3t 


Hwu. 

Shing. 
Shin. 


Tung. 


Chiing. 


Know  not  how  deep  it  is. 
He  and  his  four  sons  went  for- 
wards to  see. 

Said    it     is    seventy    two    feet 
deep. 


*  fsi  H  i^  ±  m  * 


-Pu  chi  yu  shin  tsien. 
Ta  tung  sz'  tsz'  shang  tsien  l;'ii 
lean. 

ShAvoh  yu  tsi  shi  'rh  chang  shin. 


147 


All  the  warriors  shook  their 
heads  and  said  we  must  not 
go  down. 

In  anger  he  seized  his  cap  rushed 
through  the  three  halls  and 
sat  down . 

The  third  watch  came,  all  were 
asleep,  the  young  lady  opened 
the  door. 

Behind  came  a  man  riding  on  a 
white  horse. 

lie  came  to  the  court  and  said 
in  Shantung  one  thousand 
five  hundred  men-of-war  have 
been  completed. 


U  M  H'  M  K'1J  tH  H 

i^ij  H  M  T  ^^  m  ^> 
m.  m  n 

i§  s  *  T  -  A 
it  M  it «  Ol  ^  - 

^  E  S  ft  l&  ^  T 


Kiiin  sz'  mun  to  shi  yau  tau 
shwohche  ko  ti  hia  pu  teh. 

Nil  ki  chung  kwan  pan  chu  san 


tang  ts6  hia. 


Tail  san  kang  liaii  kiai  shui  siau 
tsie  kai  mun. 


Hau  pien  lai  liau  yi  jin, 
T«6hia  pe  ma. 

Chinking  shwohtsaishan  tungyi 
tsien  wu  pe  pingchuen  yuen  liau 


148 


Warriors. 

Shake,  wave. 

Descend. 

Can  not. 

Rush. 

Run  out. 

Hall. 

Sit  town. 

Sleep. 

Young  lady. 

Riding  on  a  horse. 


mm 


>T^ 


44  T  ^ 


Kiun  sz'. 
Yaii 
Ti  hia. 
Pu  teh. 
Chung. 
Pau  chu. 
Tang. 
Tso  hia. 
Shui. 
Siau  tsie. 
Tso  hiii  ma. 


149 


Sir,you  have  seen  a  strange  sight. 

I  ( the  emperor)  also  have  had  a 
dream. 

I  am  busy  at  home,  I  will  come 
again  another  day. 

If  yon  do  not  know  what  will 
follow. 

You  go  and  see  and  you  will 
understand  it. 

That  money  you  shall  certainly 
have  at  the  endof  the  month. 

To  morrow  morning  I  shall  see 
you. 


^  &  a  ilk  ^^  * 

M  a  #  -  P 

*  p  n  *  :^R  i^ 
^  i  ^*  *  #  » 

w  m  m  -f*  ^i^  ^  n 
m  %  m  a  -f * 


Sien  sang  kien  tsz'  i  sz'. 


Ghin  ye  teh  yi  mung. 

Kill  nuy  yu  sz'  kai  ji  tsiu 
lai. 

Wi  chi  haulaijiiho. 

Sien  sang  ni  kii  kan  kan  tsiu 
chi  ming  pe. 

Na  ko  tsien  ni  pie  ting  yue 
ti  tsiu  yu. 

Ming  tien  tsiu  kin  ni. 


Must  believe. 

r^nr-iw 

Puko  pii  sin. 

The  capital. 

M 

King. 

The  northern  capital. 

J^L  il^                ^ 

Pe  king  (Peking). 

The  southern  capital  (Nanking). 

l^J  MK 

Nan  king  (Nanking) 

Extraordinary. 

I. 

I  (the  emperor). 

m 

Chin. 

Also. 

^ 

Ye. 

A  dream. 

"All 

Mung. 

Another  day. 

KH 

Kaiji. 

Kindness. 

»© 

Ngan. 

Benefactor. 

mA 

Ngan  jin. 

151 


I  can  do  this.* 

I  can  not  do  that. 

May    the   thunder    of    heaven 
strike  me  dead. 

Mo  sang  said ,  Bright  Spirits  who 
dwell  ahove. 

Henceforth  I  shall  never  believe 

you. 
You  must  not  go. 


m  A- 1*  # 
w  4-  #  r^  # 

s  4  i®  »  w  «  ± 
a  4  ja  «  #  :^  -fs 


* 


i^r^'Jii* 


Che  ko  sz'  teh. 
Na  ko  sz'  pu  teh. 

Tien  lui  ta  sz'. 

Mo  sang  tau  shin  ming  tsai  shang 

Tsz'  kin  i  hau  tsai  pu  sin 

ni. 

Ni  pu  pie  kii. 


152 


'^ 


n 


DIALOGUE  I. 


FbI  «  - 


WAN  tAh  Y1. 


Yes  and  no. 


Sluvoh  sJii. 


Is  it  so  ? 
It  is. 

It  is  really  so. 
Truly  it  is  so. 


«^ 


ft 


E3. 


:S  m?  ^  aa  H 


Shi  pu  shi. 

Shi. 

Shi  tsAi  shi. 

Kwohjin  shi  che  yang. 


133 


Who  doubts  it. 

There  is  not  the  least  doubt  of  it. 


I  think  there  is. 

I  say  there  is  not. 

Let  us  make!  a  bet.  ^. 

How  much  do  you  bet. 

I  bet  a  dollar.  . 

I  tell  the  truth. 

^  Hie  may  I  die. 

May  hea^n  punish  me  if  I  tell 
W  a  falshood. 


fiS  M-  ^ 


A2jf. 


?Ji-  m. :?:  a 

a  mm' 
1*  m  ^ '} 


7 


tfe  n  \f%  m  X  m 


m 


Sluii  i  liwoh. 

Che  k(')  mu  yu  she  mo  i 

hwoh. 

Wo  siangshi. 

Wo  shwoh  pu  shi. 

Ta  tu  pa. 

Ni  tii  to  shau. 

Wo  tu  yi  yin  tsz'.  • 

Wo  shwoh  chi  hwa. 

Wo  shwoh  Iwang  wo  tsiii  sz'. 

Wo  yen  kia  hwa  tien  hing  fah 

wo. 


154 


I  swear. 

Believe  me. 

I  speak  positively. 

When  a  man  has  once  told  a 
falsehood  no  one  believes 
him  again  even  when  he  tells 
the  truth. 

Who  will  helieve  it. 
If  it  were  false  I  would  not  say 
it  is  true. 

It  is  no  such  thing. 
I  was  merely  joking. 


fBt;S^ 


■  m- 


-4- A 

m  «  * 
14  ^s 


:ta  /t  nl 


li  T  -  >^ 

A  in  it 
^A-fsJi 
« -fg  fi4(  tfe 


m  i^i  *  t» 

^  ^^  ii  IS 


Wo  fah  shi. 

Sin  wo  ti  hwa. 

Wo  shwoh  yi  ting  shi  ti. 

Yi  ko  jin  shwoh  liau  yi  tsz' 

Iwang  hau  lai  nan  si  chi  ti 

hwa  mu  yii  jin  sin  ta^^. 

Che  ko  hwan  yii  jin  sin  mo. 

Joh  che  ko  shi  kia  ti  wo 

pu  kan  shwoh  shi  chi  ti. 

* 
Mu  yii  che  yang  ti  sz'  tsing.    ♦ 

Che  shi  kiang  siau  tl  shwoh  hwa. 


to3 


I  said  it  in  a  joke. 

*;  ^^  a  IS  ^  m 

Wo  pii  kwo  sliwoh  siau  hwa. 

I  am  of  the  same  opinion. 

la&^m  » ift 

Wo  ye  shi  che  yang  shwoh. 

I  do  not  want  it. 

i^m 

Pii  yau. 

I  am  opposed  to  it. 

^  ^^  m 

W(')  pu  fu. 

Be  it  so. 

#  # 

Sz'  ten. 

136 


DIALOGUE  II. 


To  speak. 


tto    A^    ^At 

rwi  -^   ^ 


uit      nS 


WA\  TAII  TI  'nil. 


Shwdh  hivd. 


Speak  aloud. 

Speak  in  a  low  voice. 

You  speak  so  fast  that  one 
cannot  understand  what  you 
say. 

To  whom  are  you  speaking 
I  am  speaking  to  him. 


t  istj  im  si 


Jh 


i^^  Wl  m  ±  tt  A  :^ 

^*  m  m  A  m  m 
^  fs] « §i 


Ta  kau  shing  shwoh. 
Siau  ti  shing  shwoh. 

Ni  shwoh  ti  ta  kwaf  jin  pu 


nang  tung  teh. 


Ni  till  shui  jin  slnvcih  hwa. 
Wo  tung  ta  shw(')h. 


ist 


Can  you  speak  english. 
What  do  you  say. 
What  did  you  say. 
I  say  nothing. 


I  said  nothing. 


Be  silent. 
I  am  silent. 


#  #  a  ^  M 

^*  m  It  m 
^*  m  T  n  m 
Ik  r-  m  f i-  m 
ffe  ^s  ^T  m  i 

~y   TOT   iA.   -=f- 

4^  -^  x^yl  na 


Ni  hwui  shwoh  ying  hwa  mo. 
Ni  shwoh  she  mo. 
Ni  shwoh  liau  she  mo. 
Wo  pu  shwoh  she  mo. 
Wo  mil  yi'i  shwoh  she  mo. 
Pu  yau  shwoh  hwa. 
Wo  pu  shwoh  liau. 


158 


DIALOGUE  in. 


m  %  H 


WAN  tAh  SAN. 


To  hear. 


i  a 


Ting  kien. 


Do  you  hear  what  I  say. 
I  hear. 

Come  hither  to  hear. 
I  do  not  hear  what  you  say, 
I  hear  you. 

I  do  not  hear  what  people  are 
saying. 


\'i^ 


1*  "jf  a  ^-  M  i^  ft 

4fe  n/f  M. 

tfe  "/f  T^■  a  » g4(  IS 

tfc  P/f  # 

pJt  :?:  M  A  si  S  IS 


Ni  ting  kien  wo  so  shwoh  mo. 

Wo  ting  kien. 

Ni  lai  che  U  ting. 

Wo  ting  pu  kien  ni  ti  hwa. 

Wo  ting  ni. 

Ting  pu  kien  jin  shwoh  shin  mo 

hwa. 


lo9 


DIALOGUE  IV. 


m  «  13 


\v.A\  tAh  sz. 


To  understand. 


m  # 


Tung  tc'h. 


Do  you  understand  what  I  am 

saying. 

Do  you  understand  all  I  say. 

I  understand  all  you  say. 


vs  m  #  w  m  St  ^ 

on  W: 

^  %%  64  j*  IP  ti  # 
1*  IS  64  §^  ^  ti  # 


Ni  tung  teh  wu  so  shwoh  ti 

hwa  mo. 

Wo  shwo  ti  ni  tii  tung  teh 

mo. 


Ni  shwoh  ti  wu  tsiuen  tung  teli. 


160 


I  do  not  understand  irhat  you 
say. 

Do  you  understand  chinese. 
I  do  not  understand  it. 
I  understand  every  thing. 
Did  you  understand  what  I  said. 

I  unde^rstood  it  perfectly. 

Do  you  understand  what  he  says 


4^  'i  #  iff  l5^  m 

Pu  tung  teh  ni  ti  hwa. 

if'  ti  11 1  H  si  )S 

Ni  tung  teh  chung  kAvoh  hwa  mo 

^^  "i  11^ 

Pu  tung  teh. 

w  m  # 

Ti'i  tung  teh. 

tfe  m  m  1*  «j  e  T 

Wo  shwoh  ti  ni  ming  pe  hau 

1^* 

mu  yii. 

^9i  a  r 

Tsiuen  ming  pe  liau. 

■It  #  -(4  IS  IS 

Tung  teh  ta  shwoh  hwa. 

161 


DIALOGUE  V. 


fpl  %  E 


WAN  tAh  WU. 


The  weather. 


%  m 


Tien  shi. 


How  is  the  weather. 

^  H$  iS  S  ^ 

What  weather  have  we. 

It  ]S  %  n 

The  weather  is  fine. 

XH*& 

It  is  cold  weather. 

XH$^^ 

It  is  cloudy  weather. 

X  Pt  T 

Cloudy  weather  is  not  pleasant. 

PI  %  :^  ^? 

Tien  shi  tsang  mo  yang. 
She  mo  tien  shi. 
Tien  shi  hau. 
Tien  shi  ling. 
Tien  yin  liau. 
Yin  tien  pu  hau. 


162 


The  sky  has  cleared  up. 

XHft  r 

Tien  tsingliau. 

The  sun  is  shining. 

^j  H  aS 

Yiiji  tau. 

This  is  a  very  fine  evening. 

4^  B^  5^  B#  ±  5? 

Kin  wan  tien  shi  shang  hau. 

It  is  humid,  its  is  cloudy. 

*  m  *.^  s  $i 

Yu  chau  ki,  yi'i  yun  tsai. 

The  wind  has  risen,  it  is  blowing 

so  fe  M  *  :S  ^i  a 

Rwii  ki  fung  lai  liau  shi  kwang 

a  gale. 

6^ 

fung  ti. 

The  weather  is  changeable. 

X ,« -^  m    ■ 

Tien  ki  chang  pien. 

It  is  raining  hard. 

&  1-  m 

Hau  hia  yii. 

Does  it  rain. 

T  |i|ij  M 

Hia  yii  mo. 

No,  it  snows. 

y^^jn 

Pu  shi,  hia  sine. 

It  thunders. 

ilW 

Ta  lui. 

The  thunder  is  very  powerful. 

©  « s^  M  m 

Luishin  ti  lihai. 

W- 

163 


It  lightens. 

*TW 

t 

Ta  shen. 

The  thunder  killed  a  man. 

BJT?E7 

-A-A 

Lui  ta  sz'  liau  yi  ko  jin 

The  wind  blows. 

ap^   . 

Fung  chiii. 

It  is  blowing  a  great  wind. 

m± 

Fung  tit. 

4r* 


164, 


DIALOGUE  VI. 


To  drink. 


FpH 


/V/V 


^^ 


'X   It 


WAN  tAu  IX. 


Yin  tsh'i. 


Will  you  take  a  glass  of  wine. 

Yes,  I  thank  you. 

Is  the  -wine  good. 

It  is  very  good. 

Take  another  glass. 

I  thank  you,  I  dare  not  drink 
any  more. 


eft  i^fk  —  'S.  IS 

K  S  ff  64/ 


Tsing  ni  yin  yi  pei  tsiii. 
To  sie'  tsz'  jin. 
Tsiii  hau  pu  hau. 
Shin  shi  hau  ti . 
Hwiin  yinyi  pei. 

To  sie,  pu  kan  tsai  yin. 


165 


DIALOGVEn^II. 


m  ^  -b 


WAN  tAh  Tsi. 


7b  buy  clothes. 


M  ^ 


Mai  i  fu. 


Do  you  sell  clothes. 
Yes,Ihave  a  good  many  for  sale. 
What  kind  have  you. 
I  have  all  kinds. 
I  want  a  coat,  a  vest  and  a  pair 
of  pants. 


*  W  « ^^ 
^  «  SP  T^T  i^ 


m  k  -  ft 


Ni  yi'i  i  fu  mai. 

Yi'i,  wu  su  ti,  hau  to  ti. 

Yii  nk  yang  ti. 

K6  yang  tii  yu  ti. 

Yiiu  yi  kin  ta  shan,  yi  kin 

pei  sin,  yi  kin  fu. 


166 


Here  they  are. 

This  coat  is  not  good,  the  cloth 

is  coarse,  and  it  is  too  large 

for  me. 
It  is  a  cheap  coat,  here  is  a  better 

one,  but  it  is  a  little  dearer. 

Let  me  see  it. 

This  is  pretty  good,  but  show 

me  another  still.    - 
This  is  the  best  I  have. 
It  is  not  bad ,  but  it  is  too  short. 


^ 


^ 


« 81  i§  S 

M  » ^^  m 


'w.  S 


w  s  »  m 


-f  fw-  ^ 

^T-'k 

^--1f 

&mm 

«  #  IS 

s  »  m 

^Ml!§ 

Na,  che  li. 

Che  kin  ta  shan  pu  hau,  pu 

shin  tsi'i  yu  shin  tii  pu  hoh 

w<j  chuen". 

Shi  tsien  ti  hwan  yii  yi  kin 

kang  hau  ti,  tau  ti  Ida  tsien 

kau  ti. 

Ki  \v6  kan. 

Che  kin  shan  ko  i,  tsaiki 

aVo  yi  kin. 

Che  yi  yaiig  shi  chi  hau  ti. 

Hau  shi  hau,  tan  shi  twin  ti. 


167 


Aye!  yah!  sir,  you  are  too  diffi- 
cult to  please;  this  is  too  short, 
that  is  too  long,  well,  I  have 
no  good  clothes  for  sale,  you 
may  go  to  another  shop,  I 
will  keep  my  goods. 

Have  a  little  patience,  man,  show 

me  that  coat  again ,  how  much 

do  you  ask  for  it. 

Twenty  five  dollars. 

This  is  a  very  high  price ,  I  can 

get  such  a  coat  in  other  shops 

for  twenty  dollars. 


"f  nJI.ai  ^  p  *  s, 


te  *  ffe  m  :s  m 

S  il-  -  «  S  IS  ^i 

»  -  ft  ±  ¥.s  ^ 

^  r  +  E  f  H  ig  ^ 
^  4^  IS  IS  *  *  s 

m-k\^i£.  n  ^^  m 


Aye,  y;'i,  che  ko  n;in  kfiiu 
i  yu  hien  cluing  yu  hien  twan 
wo  mu  yii  hau  i  fi'i  m;ii 
tsing  kii  pie  kien  pi'i  tsz',  wo 
ch;i  ki  lai  wo  ti  i  fii. 
Jin  nai  yi  sie,  tsai  ^i  wo 
na  i  kin  ta  shan,  yau  to 
shau  tsien. 

Yau  'rh  shi  wu  ko  yin  tsz'. 
Che  ko  kia  tsien  tai  kwei  che 
yang  ta  shan  tsai  pie  ti  pu 
pu  kwo  chi  'rh  shi  ko  yin 


168 


1  do  not  care  what  others   sell 

for,  I  do  not  like  to  bargain ; 

I  have  but  one  word. 

I  do  not  like  many  words  either, 
do  you  take  or  not,  if  not 
there  is  an  end  of  it.  Good 
bye. 

I  say  stranger. 

What. 

Here,  take  it,  although  I  loose  by 

it,  no  matter. 

It  is  all  gammon. 


-t- 


^f-  -^^ 

# 

A 

* 

M 

^ 

'P  ^  ^^ 

rtti 

Sfc 

— ' 

^^ 

■tor  ,-€^ 

3r  ^ 

m 

*-f> 

^   ;^  pH 

^ 

^^ 

^•A 

T 

"f  * 

A 

rR 

* 

ttJg 

l^# 

Si 

m 

tfeilt 

*  JS  *  -ft 

)fe 

a  A  fi^  ji 

i^ 

tsz'. 

Wu  pu  kwan  jin  kia  mai  to 
shau,  wo  pu  yau  wan  wo  yi 
yen  wel  shi  pu  yau  to  kiang. 

Wo  pu  yau  to  kiang,  yau  pu 
yau  mai  tsing  liau. 

Aye,  ke  jin  tsing  lai. 
Sh6  mo. 

Ri  ni  pa,  sui  jin  wo  kiue 
pan,  mu  yii  she  mo. 
La  jin  ti  fl'ih  tsz'. 


169 


What  do  you  observe,  sir. 

Notliing. 

I  have  a  vest  here,  which  may 

perhaps  please  you. 

What  vest. 

This  one.  * 

How  much  do  you  ask  for  it. 

t 
Six  dollars. 

Here  are  six  dollars. 

Good  bye. 

Good  bye. 


m  X 


Shwoh  she  m('). 

Wu  yu  she  mo. 

Wo  yu  yi  kin  pei  sin  hwoh 

ni  chung  1  pu  ting. 

phe  mo  pei  sin. 

* 
Che  kin. 

Yau  to  shau  kia  tsien. 

Luko  yin  tsz'. 

Na  lu  yuen  yip  tsz'. 

Tsing  liau. 

Tsing  liau. 


22 


170 


UIALOCUE  VIII. 


m  «  A 


vvAJV  tAh  pah. 


Going  to  market. 


*  IS    rfi    H   * 


Kit  kidi  shi  mdi  Idi. 


You  must  go  to  market  to  buy 

rice,  mutton  and  fish'. 
Do  you  want  eggs  also. 
Yes,  buy  eggs  and  butter. 
How  many  eggs. 
One  dozen. 


*  ¥  1^  # 

_L-  isr  "T^  -tr  wf 

n^  ^  ^  A^  ^ 


-^  "Seg  TE  /fc.  i 
Tar  ^   ;j^ 


tut 

r4 


Ni  pie  yau  kii  kiai  shi  mai 
mi,yangjau,  yii. 
Yi  yau  tan  pu  yau. 
Shi  mai  tan  niu  yu . 
Yau  to  shau  tan . 
Shi  'rh  che. 


171 


How  many  pounds  of  butter. 

Two  pounds;  here  is  money  and 
do  not  stay  away  long  time , 
but  return  to  prepare  dinner. 

Aye,  aye. 


^  a  ^  5f  ^  ?4 
z.mM  1*  il  ^  ^ 

1  iJi  s  ta  *  « 


Yaii  ki  to  pang  niu  yii. 

'Rh  pang,  ki  ni  tsien  pu  ko 

yen  chi  pie  yau  hwui  kia  tso 

fan. 

Hiau  teh.  ' 


* 


172 


DIALOGUE  IX. 


fpl  «  /L 


WAN  TAH  KlU. 


4  <>isit. 


n  a 


Pdi  Men. 


Who  knoks  at  the  door? 
It  is  I ;  are  you  not  up  yet. 
Is  it  time  to  get  up.  • 
It  is  broad  day  Hght, 
Open  the  door. 
It  is  locked. 


S  ?fe  S  IS  ^  * 

S  te  *  fi^  B*  « 

if  7 


Shiii  kau  mun,  shui  ta  mun, 

■# 
Shi  wOj  hwan  nni  ki  h'li. 

Shi  ki  lai  ti  shi  hau. 

Tien  ming  hau. 

Rai  mun . 

So  hau. 


173 


At  what  hour  do  you  rise. 
Generally  at  halfpast  six  o'clock. 

I  slept  hadly  last  night,  the  whole 
nightl  could  not  close  my  eyes. 
I  rise  with  the  sun. 

m  * 

I  have  been  up  before  sunrise. 
The  morning  sleep  is  the  best. 
Do  you  go  out. 


i*  -ft  *  Bf  -ft  fe  * 

Ni  she  mo  shi  hau  ki  lai. 

IK-  g  :^  iiS  ^  il  te 

Chang  shi  lu  tien  pwan  chungki 

jte^^ 

l;ii  ti. 

W  BiH «  ±  BS :?:  # 

Wu  tsoh  ye  shang  shiii  pu  teh 

-  «  ?$  *  MM 

yi  ye  mu  yii  hoh  yen. 

H  fil  Hi  *  ^§  Bf  « 

Ji  tau  chu  lai  ti  shi  hau 

afe  re  fc  * 

wo  tsiu  ki  lai. 

0  fiP.  14  *  !±i  1)  tfe 

Ji  tau  mu  yii  chu  shan  wo 

m^^i 

tsiu  ki  lai  liau. 

#  »  m^nm  ^^ 

Tsai  hau  slmi  shi  tien  ming  ti 

nm 

shi  hau. 

•f*  ttl  4  ft 

Ni  chu  kii  nw. 

K 


174 


I  am  getting  up. 
Take  care  you  do  not  take  cold. 
I  have  already  couglit  a  cold,  and 
I   am  sneezing  the  whole  time. 
Wipe  your  nose. 


^>  ^il^  %  #  15  iM  M 


W6  ki  lai. 

Siau  sin  kan  ni  mu  shang  fung. 

Wo  shang  fung  liau  yu  shi  hai 

chui  ta  pi  tsz'. 

]M6h  ni  ti  pi 


175 


DIALOGtX  X. 


WAN  tAh  SUI. 


ABOUT   AGE. 


^    II 


NIEX    KI. 


What  is  your  honored  age. 

How  old  are  you. 

How  old  is  your  brother. 


How  old  is  your  younger  brother 
He  is  twenty. 


M 


1*  6^mm^±^ 

-ft  ^  =:  +  ^ , 


Ni  tsun  kang. 

Sien  sang  kwei  kang. 

Ni  ti  ko  ko  to  ta  nien 

ki. 

Ni  hiung  ti  ki  sui. 

Ta  yii  'rh  shi  sui. 


no 


He  has  not  yet  completed  his 

.    twentieth  year. 

You  are  older  than  I  am. 

You  are  more  than  sixty  years 

old. 
Are  you  married, 
lam. 

Did  you  marry  twice. 
How  manyconcuhineshaveyou. 
Are  both  your  parents  alive. 
My  father  died  two  years  ago. 


1*  ft  tfe  :^ 


^*  B  T  m  1$  * 

ST 

^*  ^  #  IP  ft  S 


Til  hwan  uiii  yi'i  mwun  'rh  shi 

sui. 

Ni  pi  wo  ta. 

Ni  til  kai  yii  hi  shi  to 

sui. 

Ni  tsii  liau  tsin  mu  yii 

tsii  liau. 

Tsii  kw6  'rh  tsz'. 

Ni  yu  Id  ko  siiiu  fii  jin. 

Ni  fi'i  mil  tii  tsai  mo. 

Sien  fu  kii  shi  yu  Hang  nien 

ti. 


177 


My  niotUer  lias   married  again 

three  months  since. 
llovr  many  sons  have  you. 
I  hive  four  boys. 
How  many  girls  have  you 
I  have  three  daughters. 
How  many  brothers  have  you. 

I  am   the   only    one   alive,  all 

others  died. 
We  must  ail  die. 


1*  ^-  a  ia  %  ^ 
*  E  4-  ^s  m 


ik  in  si!  ^  % 


Mu  tsin  tsai  kia  li;iu  yii  sar 

ko  yue. 

Ni  yii  ki  ko  'rh  tsz' 

Yii  sz'  ko  siau  'rh. 

Yi'i  ki  to  wei  tsien  kin. 

Yii  san  ko  ku  niang. 

Ni  yii  ki  to  wei  hinng 

ti. 

Tan  wo  yi  ko  sang  ti  j;ie 

ti  sz'  liau. 

Wo  niun  tu  yau  sz'. 


iZ 


178 


DIALOGUE  XI. 

PpI  «  +  ■ 

To  drink  tea. 

«= 

Are  you  thirsty. 

i*Pm 

jg 

I  am  thirsty,  make  some  tea. 

ffeJiT 

See  if  there  are  any  tea  cups , 
and  be  careful  to  get  the  tea 

»^^ 

^^ 

^^Hf'  <l^ 

fresh. 

&  ^^  ^ 

PS:^: 

The  tea  is  ready. 

^-flT 

Bring  it  here. 

SP  it  >k 

U-A3I  TAII  SHI  tt. 


}'/«  f,7i«. 


Ni  kau  koh  mo. 
Wo  koh  Hau,  pau  cha. 
Kan  yii  ki  to  cha  pei  siau 
sin  puyau  chin  cha. 

Cha  pien  liau. 
Na  ta  lai. 


179 


Gentlemen ,  please  take  some  tea . 
The  tea  is  very  weak  yet. 

Wait  till  it  is  made  stronger. 
Put  in  a  few  more  tea  leaves. 
I  have  put  in. 

Now  the  tea  is  good,  take  ano- 
ther cup. 
I  cannot  take  more. 
Take  away  the  tea  things. 


ift  *  &  in  ffli: 


^   A 


«  -  ■&  ?i  B^  ff 
n  ^  6^  4?  ^ 

}A1 

m  *  js  i\^  ^  ff> 

a. 


Tsing  sien  sang  niun  ynng  cha. 

Cha  slii  tan  ti  pii  shi  iiiing 

ti. 

Tang  yi  hwui  nung  ti  liau. 

Fang  to  ti  cha  ye. 

Fang  liiin. 

Shau  ti  liau  hau,  tsai  yin 

yi  pei. 

Pu  nang  yin  liau. 

Na  ku  che  ti  cha  pei  pien 

shi. 


'^BRA/^p* 


ft^CALIFOR^lL. 


